KEYWORDS: Monte Carlo methods, Ultrasonography, Computer simulations, Device simulation, Tissues, Ray tracing, Performance modeling, 3D modeling, Natural surfaces, Medical diagnostics
Medical ultrasound has gained relevance in medical diagnosis, procedure guidance and emergentology. It is a low cost, safe and non-invasive practice, while obtaining real-time results. Limitations on working hours and ultrasound equipment have made simulation the main alternative for training, since it eliminates the need for a real ultrasound machine and allows the modeling of a large number of case studies. Patient 11 from the 3D-IRCADb-01 CT-scans data-set was used to generate corresponding OBJ mesh files. A JSON file carries relevant information of the scene and tissues involved in it. Monte-Carlo simulation over GPU is used to improve ray tracing performance on a deterministic surface model. An improvement in ray tracing performance and throughput is achieved by the presented model. In execution cases presented, a minimum global acceleration of 30% is reached, while reducing ray tracing times by at least 80%. Monte-Carlo simulation allows a more realistic image generation than the previous deterministic model. Low memory usage gives room to implement the remaining stages of the process on GPU. A correct parametrization of tissues is required in order to achieve improved image quality.
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