We present here some of the last results of the EUROPEAN project ALPINE. We present both the development of an
adjustable fibre laser pulse source and scribing results on CdTe and CIGS solar cells. The scribing tests were performed
at three different pulse durations: 400 fs, 8 ps and 250 ps. The results obtained with 250 ps are already very promising
for P3 steps in both CdTe and CIGS solar cells. In both cases the results were validated electrically.
In the case of P3 scribing for CIGS solar cells, shunt resistances as high as 125 kΩ.cm were obtained. Isolation
resistances were higher than 1 MΩ.cm. The processing speed was 2 m/s.
The paper presents a mass production process for the manufacturing of smart label substrate components (interposers, antennas) based on laser ablation (by means of Excimer laser) in a reel-to-reel process (R2R) followed by a reel-to-reel electroplating process.
RGB-OLED-displays can be realized by at least three different approaches: Color from white, color from blue or patterning of red, green and blue OLEDs, which is favorable for reasons of higher efficiency and lower costs. Common patterning techniques like photolithography cannot be applied due to the degradation of the OLEDs after the exposure to solvents. Shadow masking which is currently widely applied is not applicable for bigger substrate sizes of future mass production tools.
Therefore a novel approach for patterning of organic semiconductors will be demonstrated. The laser induced local transfer (LILT) of organic small molecule materials allows for mass production of high resolution RGB-OLED-displays.
An infrared absorbing target is coated with the desired emitting material, which is placed in a short distance in front of an OLED substrate. A scanner deflects and focuses an infrared laser beam onto the target. By adjusting scanning speed and laser power accurately the target locally heats up to a temperature where the organic material sublimes and will be deposited on the opposite OLED substrate. By repeating this for red, green and blue emitting materials a RGB-OLED-display can be realized.
For process evaluation and development a LILT-module has been built, incorporating two custom vacuum chambers, several lift and transfer stages, a high-speed high-precision scanner and an infrared continuous-wave laser (cw). This module is designed to be part of a future inline deposition system for full-color OLED displays. In the first experiments it could be observed, that the pattern resolution is strongly dependent on the scanning speed, exhibiting minimum feature sizes of 40μm. It can be deducted that this is due to the laser's beam profile (TEM00), which allows for the smallest focus possible, but may not allow for rugged process conditions suitable for production. Rectangular steep-edged beam profiles may overcome this problem.
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