Medical implants are frequently used to replace damaged organs, structures and tissues in human body. It is essential to ensure a perfect implantation hence paramount to optimize surface topography of the implants for desired integration. For dental implants, this implies reducing bacteria settlement near the prosthesis and increasing roughness to improve implant-bone interaction and thus osseointegration. For other types of implants like bone fracture fixtures and cardiac pacemakers, reduced infection and adhesion (scar tissue) are highly desirable. Ultrafast laser is a powerful tool for modifying medical implant surfaces, at the micro- and/or nano-scale, towards improving or limiting their cell adhesions.
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