Ms. Haoze Wu Profile

Haoze Wu

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Proceedings Article | 4 April 2023 Paper

Optical waveguide in thermally developed photo-thermo-refractive glass substrate

Yinlei Hao, Xiao Guo, Xiao Peng, Haoze Wu, Shiyong Wang, Haoran Meng, Xinyue Liu, Xinyang Chen

Proceedings Volume 12617, 126172A (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2664846

KEYWORDS: Glasses, Waveguides, Ion exchange, Silver, Ions, Ultraviolet radiation, Thermography, Sodium, Refractive index, Absorption

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Photo-thermo-refractive (PTR) glasses are a new category of materials that possess special characteristics of refractive index decrement induced by UV exposure and subsequent thermal development. PTR glasses have been extensively utilized for the fabrication of various volume Bragg grating and are expected to play an important role in the construction of high-performance guided-wave devices. Investigations on the optical waveguide fabrication process in thermally developed PTR glass Substrate are demonstrated. Optical grade PTR glass of the SiO₂-Al₂O₃-Na2O-ZnO-NaF-KBr system and doped with Ce, Ag, Sb, and Sn, is firstly melted, and then glass wafers made of the homemade PTR glass are UV exposed and thermal developed, during which nanometer-sized NaF crystalline is formed in these PTR glass wafers. The thermally developed PTR glass wafers are finally subjected to conventional glass-based optical waveguide melt salt thermal Ag⁺/Na⁺ ion exchange and subsequently field-assisted ion diffusion for waveguide fabrication. Results exhibited that buried channel optical waveguide, with Ag⁺ doped waveguide core dimension of approximately 9.5μm×8.6μm buried 5.2μm under the substrate surface can be obtained by the current procedure. In the current paper, the feasibility of implementing buried waveguide fabrication in thermally developed PTR glass materials is experimentally demonstrated. Since the shape and dimension of the waveguide core is well matched to that of single-mode fiber, and the buried waveguide eliminates scattering loss at the glass substrate surface, the buried optical waveguide is expected to find applications in guided-wave device fabrication.

Proceedings Article | 9 January 2023 Paper

Optical waveguide manufactured in photo-thermo-refractive glass substrate by ion exchange

Yinlei Hao, Haoze Wu, Xiao Guo, Xiao Peng, Shiyong Wang, Haoran Meng, Xinyue Liu, Xinyang Chen

Proceedings Volume 12507, 125070W (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2655193

Read Abstract +

Photo-thermo-refractive (PTR) glasses exhibit promising characteristics for volume Bragg grating fabrication, one of key devices for construction of high performance lasers, among other optical device and systems. Aiming at employing this type of glass materials in the field of integrated photonics, buried optical channel waveguide is manufactured in PTR glass substrate by Ag⁺/Na⁺ thermal ion exchange and subsequent field assisted ion migration. The Ag⁺ doped zone in glass substrate, which is also the waveguide core, can be driven to several micrometers under the glass substrate surface, which decreases the propagation loss to a value as low as 0.12dB/cm, by eliminate scattering loss at glass substrate defects. Cross section of the waveguide core can be also engineered to match the core of single mode fiber, ensures a low coupling loss to single mode fiber. Analysis demonstrated that the buried optical waveguide fabrication proves can be expected to be applied in functional integrated optical device implementation.

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