A theoretical analysis of optical-to-THz conversion efficiency via optical rectification in nonlinear crystal and the conversion efficiency comparison of ZnTe, DAST, LiNbO3 is presented; The optical-to-THz conversion efficiencies are mainly affected by following several factors; Pulse durations mostly affect the conversion efficiency: Optical-to-THz conversion efficiency approaches to a maximum when crystal length is equal to the optimal length Lc, for the periodically-inverted crystals, conversion efficiency is almost proportional to the crystal length when absorption of medium is negligible. Taking account of the absorption of crystals, effective length of crystal is Leff=0.63/α, the conversion efficiency approaches to a constant eventually when the crystal length is increased for crystal DAST and LiNbO3. But the optical-to-THz wave conversion efficiency of ZnTe will increase rapidly with increase of crystal length.
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