KEYWORDS: Weapons, Monte Carlo methods, Sensors, Systems modeling, Detection and tracking algorithms, Visualization, 3D modeling, Laser systems engineering, Optical simulations, Databases
In live force-on-force direct fire training, simulated munitions are used instead of live munitions. Simulated munitions
are typically modeled using laser systems such as the Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System (MILES).
Replacing the laser with an electronic message (also known as an electronic bullet or e-bullet) sent over a network is
becoming feasible due to advances in sensors, communications, and computing. The e-bullet engagement methodology
uses weapon location, orientation, and adjudication algorithms. Technical challenges in implementation include having
accurate weapon and target location and orientation, network bandwidth, and terrain database resolution. This paper
discusses issues and challenges using an e-bullet and laser/e-bullet hybrids for delivery accuracy and damage
assessment. We will also present an engagement methodology robust enough to evolve with advances in technology.
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