For through-the-wall radar imaging (TWRI), an accurate characterization of the wall is important for the enhancement of
imaging of the target behind the wall. In this paper we cast the two-dimensional (2D) wall interior structure imaging as a
subsurface imaging problem. The region between the front and back walls is imaged using a novel linear inverse
scattering algorithm for 2D subsurface imaging. The imaging algorithm is based on first order Born approximation and
exploiting halfspace Green's function. The exploding reflection model is employed and then the Green's function is
expanded in the spectral domain to formulate a novel real time intra-wall imaging algorithm. The linearization of the
inversion scheme and the employment of FFT/IFFT in the imaging formula make the imaging algorithm suitable in
several applications concerning the diagnostics of large probed domain and allow real time processing. A numerical
result is presented to show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm for real time intra-wall
characterization.
With recent advances in both algorithm and component technologies, through-the-wall sensing and imaging is emerging
as an affordable sensor technology in civilian and military settings. One of the primary objectives of through-the-wall
sensing systems is to detect and identify targets of interest, such as humans and cache of weapons, enclosed in building
structures. Effective approaches that achieve proper target radar cross section (RCS) registration behind walls must, in
general, exploit a detailed understanding of the radar phenomenology and more specifically, knowledge of the expected
strength of the radar return from targets of interest. In this paper, we investigate the effects of various wall types on the
received power of the target return through the use of a combined measurement and electromagnetic modeling approach.
The RCS of material-exact rifle and human models are investigated in free-space using numerical electromagnetic
modeling tools. A modified radar range equation, which analytically accounts for the wall effects, including multiple
reflections within a given homogeneous or layered wall, is then employed in conjunction with wideband measured
parameters of various common wall types, to estimate the received power versus frequency from the aforementioned
targets. The proposed technique is, in principle, applicable to both bistatic and mono-static operations.
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