KEYWORDS: Receivers, Optical amplifiers, Radio astronomy, Antennas, Astronomy, Observatories, Cryogenics, Simulation of CCA and DLA aggregates, Roads, Galactic astronomy
The Atacama large millimeter/submillimeter array (ALMA) band-1 receiver covers the frequency band between 35-50 GHz. An extension of up to 52 GHz is on a best-effort basis. Covering the longest wavelengths visible with ALMA, this receiver is enabling studies of dust grain evolution in proto-planetary systems probing dust grain sizes close to 1 cm, and with multiple red-shifted molecular lines it will open up a new window in the high-redshift universe. The band-1 project has recently achieved first light and with this passed a major project milestone. We present the challenges, from initial development to prototype, to establishing the infrastructure, integration, and evaluation of 73 production receiver units, and to the final tasks to complete the project. We conclude with the initial performance and characterization of the first band-1 receivers installed on ALMA.
The Ka-/Q-band in the microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum is important for astrophysical and astrochemical research, particularly in the subfield of interstellar medium (ISM). The two bands cover not only the fundamental lines of the abundant dense gas tracer CS and its isotopologues but also a vast number of transitions of relatively large, long-chain, and/or complex organic species. Here, through a Taiwan-Japan collaboration, an extended Q-band (30-50GHz) receiver is built for Nobeyama 45-m telescope. The receiver front-end was installed at Nobeyama 45-m telescope in Nov. 2021 and obtained its first light in the same month. Commissioning and science verification (CSV) of the receiver was conducted in the first half of 2022. After commissioning, this receiver will be the only one in the world providing capability to cover 3 Zeeman transitions simultaneously at 7mm wavelength installed at large single dish telescope. It will be one of the most powerful facilities to explore the magnetic fields towards the pre-protostellar cores.
The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Band 1 receiver covers the frequency range of 35-50 GHz. An extension of up to 52 GHz is on a best-effort basis. A total of 73 units have to be built in two phases: 8 preproduction and then 65 production units. This paper reports on the assembly, testing, and performance of the preproduction Band 1 receiver. The infrastructure, integration, and evaluation of the fully-assembled Band 1 receiver system will be covered. Finally, a discussion of the technical and managerial challenges encountered for this large number of receivers will be presented.
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