To enhance the accessibility of augmented reality (AR) eyewear and virtual reality (VR) headsets, it is crucial to offer a cost-effective and high-quality display solution. Liquid crystal (LC) technology has been extensively researched for this purpose, with Liquid-Crystal Polarization Holograms (LCPHs) standing out as a compact, lightweight solution with versatile optical capabilities essential for AR/VR systems. The fabrication of LCPHs utilizes polarization selectivity and self-assembly, enabling potential cost-effective streamlined production and advanced fabrication approaches. However, there are material requirements and technical challenges that need to be addressed together to achieve an immersive viewing experience with LCPHs. By exploring these opportunities and addressing the challenges, the integration of LCPHs holds the promise of revolutionizing AR/VR optics and providing an accessible, high-quality, and immersive viewing experience for various applications.
To make augmented reality (AR) eyewears widely available, it is necessary to provide a cost-effective and high-quality AR waveguide combiner solution. The polarization volume hologram (PVH) gratings made of liquid crystal (LC) polymer is a promising candidate with unique polarization properties. In this presentation, we review the physical properties of PVH and provide a thorough discussion about how the performance of the waveguide combiner is influenced by the characteristics of PVH and fabrication capabilities. Our study provides guidance to the development of PVH waveguide technology and promotes scale-up solutions.
Liquid crystal polarization holograms (LCPH) have demonstrated optical characteristics which are well suited for virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) applications. To enable complex LCPH designs, an internal tool based on rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA) and the Berreman 4x4 method has been developed. This tool, named LCPro, allows for the design, simulation, and tolerancing of complex LCPHs. Several design case studies with differing applications in AR/VR will be discussed where inverse design techniques are used to solve for the required structure given a desired optical response.
There is a critical need for a technology that can assist doctors in more accurately evaluating lung nodules at the time of biopsy. To address this need, a multispectral fluorescence line-scan confocal endomicroscope was developed that employs a fiber bundle probe to image tissue at the distal tip of the biopsy introducer needle. The multispectral nature of the instrument allows the simultaneous use of multiple FDA-approved dyes that stain different cellular/tissue compartments in different spectral regions to distinguish between lung cancer and benign conditions of the lung. The imaging system has been used to image normal rat lung as well as ex vivo human core-biopsy lung tissue.
KEYWORDS: Lung, Biopsy, Confocal microscopy, Tissues, Lung cancer, Real time imaging, Multispectral imaging, Luminescence, Line scan image sensors, Imaging systems
There is a critical need for a technology that can assist doctors in more accurately evaluating lung nodules at the time of biopsy. To address this need, a multispectral fluorescence line-scan confocal microendoscope was developed that employs a fiber bundle to image tissue at the distal tip of the biopsy needle. The multispectral nature of the instrument allows the simultaneous use of multiple FDA-approved dyes that stain different cellular/tissue compartments in different spectral regions to distinguish between lung cancer and benign lesions of the lung. The imaging system has been used to image ex vivo mouse and human lung tissue.
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