The paper represents a study on the characteristics and biocompatibility of tissue-engineering structures with nanocarbon scaffolds in the bioorganic matter for various bioengineering applications, including biomedical devices for the heart treatment and neurostimulation. These structures were obtained via a laser formation method. Structures were printed using previously developed laser setup and had a cellular structure in accordance to the cell monolayer formation. It was established that SWCNT bind to amino acids through oxygen atoms. It was observed that the SWCNT diameter increased due to their wrapping by a bioorganic matter. Moreover, electrical conductivity values of such structures exceeded the heart tissue conductivity (0.1 S/m) and reached 8.5 S/m. The proliferation of fibroblasts and endothelial cells on the studied structures was demonstrated via the fluorescence microscopy and the MTT assay. The density of proliferated cells on structures was higher than in control samples. Finally, the biodegradation rate of tissue-engineered structures during the implantation to laboratory animals was 75-90 days, the samples promoted neovascularization of the affected tissue.
In this work, tissue-engineered structures based on a matrix of protein conjugates, chitosan and carbon nanotubes were prepared and studied. Bovine serum albumin (BSA), bovine collagen (BС) were used. Two types of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were used to form a strong internal scaffold in a protein-chitosan matrix under the action of laser radiation. Tissue-engineered structures were created by means of layered deposition and laser evaporation of the initial aqueous dispersion from SWCNT, BSA, BC and chitosan succinate. As sources of laser radiation, a continuous diode laser with a wavelength of 810 nm and a pulsed fiber laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm and frequency of 80 kHz were used. Studies of tissue-engineered structures were carried out using vibrational spectroscopy methods (IR and Raman). The changes in the frequencies and intensities of the corresponding absorption bands and Raman lines of the amide group oscillations were analyzed. IR spectra of tissue-engineered structures demonstrated a high degree of binding of organic (protein, chitosan) and inorganic (SWCNT) components. The structure and defectiveness of the carbon nanotube scaffold were investigated in the Raman spectra.
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