Point spread function (PSF) engineering has met with lots of interest in various optical imaging techniques, including super-resolution microscopy, microparticle tracking, and extended depth-of-field microscopy. The intensity distributions of the modified PSFs often suffer from deteriorations caused by system aberrations, which greatly degrade the image contrast, resolution, or localization precision. We present an aberration correction method using a spiral-phase-based double-helix PSF as an aberration indicator, which is sensitive and quantitatively correlated to the spherical aberration, coma, and astigmatism. Superior to the routine iteration-based correction methods, the presented approach is iteration-free and the aberration coefficients can be directly calculated with the measured parameters, relieving the computing burden. The validity of the method is verified by both examining the intensity distribution of the conventional Gaussian PSF in three dimensions and observing muntjac skin fibroblast cells. This iteration-free correction method has a potential application in PSF engineering systems equipped with a spatial light modulator.
The exploitation of single objective lens for both trapping and imaging in standard optical trapping system confines the trapping and imaging planes to the focal plane, which hinders the development of optical trapping along axial direction. To break the limitation, we develop an axial-plane optical trapping and imaging setup and demonstrated simultaneous trapping and imaging in axial plane. A modified Gerchberg-Saxton iterative algorithm based on axial-plane Fourier transform is proposed for direct shaping of novel optical traps in axial plane. With the combination of the proposed algorithm and the axial-plane imaging technique, axial-plane holographic optical tweezers is demonstrated and parallel calibration of multiple traps along axial direction is realized. The proposed technique also provides direct visualization of the trapped particles for study on trap performance of various optical fields, including Bessel beams, Airy beams and snake beams.
Cylindrical vector (CV) beams have found increasing applications in physics, biology, and chemistry. To generate CV beams, interferometric technique is popularly adopted due to its flexibility. However, most interferometric configurations for the generation of CV beams are faced with system instability arising from external disturbance, limiting their practical applications. A common-path interferometer for the generation of radially and azimuthally polarized beams is proposed to improve the system stability. The optical configuration consists of a vortex phase plate acting to tailor the phase profile and a cube nonpolarizing beamsplitter to split the input beam into two components with mirror-like spiral phase distribution. The generated CV beams show a high quality in polarization and exhibit a better stability of beam profile than those obtained by noncommon-path interferometric configurations.
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