Dr. Xiaochun Gu Profile

Dr. Xiaochun Gu

at Stony Brook Univ

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Proceedings Article | 21 February 2020 Presentation + Paper

Imaging neuronal and astrocytic Ca2+ transients and hemodynamic responses evoked by single stimulation in rodent cortex

Wei Chen, Kicheon Park, Xiaochun Gu, Yingtian Pan, Congwu Du

Proceedings Volume 11226, 1122617 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2547621

KEYWORDS: Calcium, Hemodynamics, Luminescence, Neurons, Brain, Neurovascular coupling, Optical imaging, Sensors, Neuroimaging, In vivo imaging

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As transient intracellular Ca²⁺ changes play an important role in many essential processes including neuronal and astrocytic plasticity, tracking brain activity via Ca²⁺ is crucial. Unlike hemodynamics, Ca²⁺ change must be measured optically using an ionic fluorescent Ca²⁺ indicator. Here, we combine our highly sensitive multimodality optical imaging platform with genetically encoded Ca²⁺ indicator (GCaMP6f) expressed in neurons or astrocytes in somatosensory cortex, which enables simultaneous tracking of single-stimulation-evoked neuronal, astrocytic Ca²⁺transients along with the corresponding hemodynamic responses at high spatiotemporal resolutions. We imaged neuronal and astrocytic Ca²⁺ transients from mouse cortex in response to a single electrical pulse (3mA, 0.3ms). Our results show that the neuronal Ca²⁺ responses were strong (ΔF/F_N=6.4±0.29%), fast (latency τ_N=6±2.7ms) and of short duration (Δt_N=537±34ms) whereas the astrocyte responses were weak, slow and long-lasting (i.e., ΔF/F_A=1.7±0.1%, τ_A=313±65ms, Δt_A =993±48ms). The synchronized activities among astrocytes were temporally less correlated than those among neurons. These results demonstrate the capability of optical detection of cell-specific Ca²⁺ activities from synchronized neuronal, astrocyte ensembles concurrently with the hemodynamic responses within the neuro-glio-vascular network, which can facilitate the study of the roles of astrocytes in the neurovascular coupling process. We also report time-lapse image results to analyze the interactions between stimuli-evoked neurovascular response versus the spontaneous cortical slow oscillations for brain functional studies

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