As a large number of wind turbines connected to the grid, the difficulty of peak regulation of the power system is becoming more and more difficult. Therefore, a large number of peak-shaving and valley-filling devices are urgently needed to ensure the smooth operation of the power system. As a device that can adjust the amount of electricity generated and received in real time, the gravity energy storage device is an effective way to solve the difficulty of peak regulation in the combined electric and heat system.According to the different operating characteristics of the power generation and reception of the gravity energy storage device, the mathematical model of the gravity energy storage device is established.On this basis, an optimal dispatch model of the combined electric and heat system is established, which considers the specific operation of the power system, the operation characteristics of the thermal system, and takes the system carbon transaction cost and the minimum established to study the influence of the input of gravity energy storage device on the operation characteristics of the combined coal consumption as the objective function.On this basis, an optimal dispatching model of the combined electric and heat system is electric and heat system, which considers the specific operation of the power system, the operation characteristics of the thermal system, and takes the system carbon transaction cost and coal consumption as the minimum objective function.
TiC2 solution was prepared by employing an ultrasonic decomposition means and demonstrated its nonlinear characteristics at 2 μm range. A passively Qswitched (PQS) Tm:YAlO3 (Tm:YAP ) laser was faultlessly carried out with the TiC2 material as saturable absorber (SA), and a 2.22-W average output power with a 579-ns pulse duration at 255 kHz was achieved in PQS mode, matching with an 8.4% optical conversion efficiency. Also, an 8.7-μJ per pulse energy and a15.0-W peak power were gained from a PQS Tm:YAP laser. Furthermore, quality factors of vertical and horizontal beams from Tm:YAP laser were less than 1.2 under two kinds of mode.
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