The issue of island ecological environment deterioration has been a major concern worldwide, and is considered one of
the critical problems crying out for solutions in the ocean ecosystem research. Based on principle of social equity,
Payments for Environmental Services(PES) has, by far, become an effective means of internalization to settle the
external problems of public goods in recent years. Taking islands as the object, this paper is to expound the cocept of
island PES , and to reveal the mechanism of island PES with the purpose of constructing the PES mechanism of island
with multidisciplinary methods, such as the marine ecology, ecological economics combined with remote-sensing data.
This study will lay the theoretical foundation for ameliorating island environmental protection policy, and provide
guidance to the government in making island development strategy and PES programs.
The vertical profiles of beam attenuation coefficient (c) can provide information about the distribution and variability of suspended particles in the water column. Vertical profiles of particulate beam attenuation coefficient at 660 nm (cp(660)), Chlorophyll a (chla) and Particulate Organic Carbon(POC) were analyzed to examine patterns and controlling factors of vertical distributions in the East China Sea (ECS), based on two cruises in summer and late autumn. In late autumn, the cp(660) profiles showed uniform distribution with depth in most of shelf regions, and high value of cp(660) was observed in some inshore stations caused by strong resuspension. In summer, cp(660) exhibited weak subsurface maxima phenomenon in outer shelf, while with the well vertical mixed structures in the northern coast areas of ECS. The variability of cp(660) between summer and autumn were mainly influenced by the changes of thermocline distribution in the ECS. In the late autumn, water potential density were characterized as fully vertical mixed, on the contrary, the strong stratifications of water column were observed in summer. Except for several inshore stations with highly influenced by terrestrial input, significant relationships between POC and cP(660) were observed in both late autumn and summer. The close relationship between POC and cp(660) could be an potential application to retrieve the POC profiles from in situ cP(660) measurements, and be applied to the surface POC estimated from space.
Red tide not only destroys marine fishery production, deteriorates the marine environment, affects coastal tourist industry, but also causes human poison, even death by eating toxic seafood contaminated by red tide organisms. Remote sensing technology has the characteristics of large-scale, synchronized, rapid monitoring, so it is one of the most important and most effective means of red tide monitoring. This paper selects the high frequency red tides areas of the East China Sea as study area, MODIS/Aqua L2 data as the data source, analysis and compares the spectral differences in the red tide water bodies and non-red tide water bodies of many historical events. Based on the spectral differences, this paper develops the algorithm of Rrs555/Rrs488> 1.5 to extract the red tide information. Apply the algorithm on red tide event happened in the East China Sea on May 28, 2009 to extract the information of red tide, and found that the method can determine effectively the location of the occurrence of red tide; there is a good corresponding relationship between red tide extraction result and chlorophyll a concentration extracted by remote sensing, shows that these algorithm can determine effectively the location and extract the red tide information.
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