In order to improve the surface shape detection accuracy of large-aperture planar optical elements, the paper studies the key parameters in the conjugate translation difference technology, and proposes a method for selecting the optimal solution of the translation amount. This method first analyzes the theoretical accuracy of the conjugate translation difference technique, and concludes that only under the influence of the difference approximation, the surface shape detection error decreases with the decrease of the translation amount; then, for the inevitable noise factors in the detection process, it establishes The relationship model between the translation amount and the signal-to-noise ratio shows that the smaller the translation amount, the lower the signal-to-noise ratio, the lower the detection accuracy; finally, the value of the translation amount is optimized by considering the above two factors through simulation. The simulation results show that the higher the accuracy of the surface to be measured or the greater the noise of the system, the larger the value of the optimal translation value and the wider the interval of the optimal translation. When the surface accuracy of the measured surface is λ/40, the system When the noise η is 4nm, the surface shape reconstruction error in the best translation interval is better than 0.6nm
To improve the recognition ability of optical imaging system for UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) target, a synthetic aperture optical imaging system is proposed and designed. Firstly, according to the target size and detection distance the desired parameter indexes of the optical system are confirmed; Secondly, the suitable systematic structure is selected and the initial structure parameters are analyzed; finally, through the optimization of the Zemax software, the spatial resolution of the system at visible wavelength can reach 0.5mrad/pixel, and the detection distance of typical UAV targets in the air achieves 2km. Comparing with the high processing cost of single large optical components in traditional optical system, the design method of the synthetic aperture optical system is feasible, and the processing cost of small aperture optical components can be saved effectively.
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