Method based on polarization-interference for determination the geometric and dynamic phase in a case of linearly birefringent, internally reflective media is proposed. The object is probed by horizontally polarized incident beam, and the resulting interference distribution consist of two components depending on medium orientation. The interference of horizontal components of object and reference field allows one to estimate the sum of dynamic and geometric phases, while the vertical components interference produce the dynamic phase. The proposed method allows one to estimate the geometric phase value in a case of only one input polarization state.
Model of polarized light interaction with anisotropic biological medium, on the example of eye cornea, is given. The polarization of the object field, which occurs during propagation through a birefringent medium, in the case of a linearly polarized incident wave, is analyzed. A polarization-interference approach for determining the polarization characteristics of the medium is proposed, which consists in analyzing the change in polarization of the field that occurs during interference of the object and reference beams. The condition of compensation of the dynamic phase allows to obtain a polarization state, determined exclusively by the geometric phase of the object field, which contains information about the polarization properties of the medium. The geometric phase value was evaluated by the geodesic triangle on the Poincaré sphere, which made it possible to restore the orientation of the optical axis (collagen fibers) of the biological medium.
A new polarization-interference approach based on geometric phase for estimation of optically anisotropic media properties, is proposed. Linearly birefringent object is probed by linearly horizontally polarized incident beam, and the resulting polarization depends on the medium properties such as birefringence (phase retardation) and optical axis orientation. The modified Mach-Zehnder interferometer is used to obtain the polarization-interference pattern in two channels for determination the dynamic and geometric phase. The dynamic phase depends on the mean refractive index and allows to estimate the medium thickness, while the geometric phase is the function of medium polarization properties (birefringence and optical axis orientation). Thus, the dynamic and geometric phase values allow to estimate the medium optical properties, such as optical thickness, phase retardation and/or optical axis rotation.
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