A compact high birefringence polarization maintaining fiber (PMF) sensor for simultaneous strain and temperature measurement is proposed. This sensor is a modal interferometer (MI) sensor which is composed of a segment of high birefringence polarization maintaining fiber. One side of the fiber is spliced to the pigtail of a polarization beam splitter (PBS) with core-offset and axes alignment, the other end is spliced to the standard single-mode fiber (SMF) with core alignment and forms a fiber bubble. In experiments, an optical switch and the PBS are used to generate two orthogonal linear polarized lights. When the two orthogonal linear polarized lights enter the sensing fiber respectively, two different interference spectra will be achieved and own different response to the strain and temperature. Using these properties, the sensor realizes the simultaneous strain and temperature measurement. For 0.01 nm wavelength resolution, the strain and temperature resolution of the sensor are 10 uε and 0.285°C, respectively.
A novel fiber relative humidity (RH) sensor is demonstrated in this paper. The sensor is composed of a fiber Michelson modal interferometer (MMI) and the ZnO nanorods which grown on the fiber to improve the sensitivity of the sensor. Two standard single mode fibers are spliced to form the MMI, misaligned splicing program is used at the spliced point. Relative humidity sensing experiment shows that the intensity of interference spectrum changes linearly with relative humidity. With the relative humidity increasing in the range from 30% to 85%, the intensity of the dip in the interference spectrum linearly increases higher than 50%. The relative humidity response of the sensor is induced by the interference between core mode and cladding mode. The ZnO nanorods with high surface to volume ratio grown outside of the fiber cladding enhance the sensitivity of the sensor.
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