Vitamin C, or ascorbic acid, is a vital nutrient with significant implications for human health. Accurate and rapid detection of vitamin C concentrations in various samples holds immense importance in medical, pharmaceutical, and food industries. In this study, we introduce a novel approach utilizing an etched fiber-based plasmon sensor for sensitive and selective detection of vitamin C. The biosensor employs a gold-coated optical fiber with a precisely etched region, enabling the excitation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). The interaction between SPPs and the vitamin C analyte induces changes in the refractive index near the fiber surface, consequently causing shifts in the resonance wavelength of the plasmonic mode. By monitoring these wavelength shifts, the concentration of vitamin C in the sample can be accurately determined. This research presents a promising platform for enhanced detection of vitamin C, offering potential applications in various fields.
Dopamine, a vital neurotransmitter in the human body, plays a crucial role in various physiological functions and is closely associated with neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease. Timely and accurate detection of dopamine levels is essential for effective disease management and personalized healthcare. In this study, we propose an innovative optical fiber-based biosensor utilizing the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) effect for highly sensitive and selective dopamine detection. The biosensor probe is fabricated using a SMS (Single mode fiber-Multimode fiber-Single mode fiber) optical fiber structure, which is chemically modified to enhance the LSPR effect. Gold nanoparticles are employed to amplify the plasmonic response, enabling improved sensing performance. Experimental analysis is performed using dopamine samples, and the results are obtained using a spectrometer. The developed LSPR biosensor demonstrates great potential for precise and efficient dopamine detection, paving the way for advanced personalized healthcare and improved management of neurological disorders.
The current study proposes a lossy mode resonance (LMR) sensor for ascorbic acid detection. LMR sensors are significant in the field of biosensing because of their high sensitivity, specificity, and versatility. The detection of proteins in blood or other biological fluids, DNA hybridization in genetic testing, and bacteria or viruses in environmental or clinical samples are all applications of the use of LMR sensors in biosensing. With the ability to detect biomolecules with enhanced performance, the use of nanomaterials in biosensing has the potential to revolutionize the area. It can have substantial effects on identifying diseases, developing new drugs, and environmental monitoring. With graphene oxide (GO), a novel SMS (single mode fiber-multi mode fiber-single mode fiber) structure has been developed to detect ascorbic acid. GO nanoparticles have been used in this work over an etched optical fiber for higher sensitivity. Experimental testing is done to determine the sensor's effectiveness in the detection of the analyte.
This article presents a lossy mode resonance (LMR) phenomenon based single mode fiber (SMF) structure for the detection of ascorbic acid (vitamin C). The fiber was etched for specified duration and then analyzed for Ascorbic acid detection. Ascorbic acid belongs to the group of drugs known as antioxidants. The body need it to boost the immune system, promote wound healing, and improve the absorption of iron from plant-based meals. The ascorbic acid test is useful for rapidly determining the levels of naturally occurring vitamin C in meals like fruit and vegetable juices etc. It can also be used to determine amount of ascorbic acid present in particular foods as a preservative or antioxidant. The proposed SMF structure will be used for the detection of ascorbic acid using graphene oxide (GO).
Dopamine, an important neurotransmitter, can play both excitatory as well as inhibitory role in human body by either exciting the receptors on postsynaptic membrane or by inhibiting or suppressing them. It plays crucial roles in the working of renal, central-nervous, hormonal and cardiovascular system. An elevated level of dopamine results in cardio-toxicity that leads to rapid increase in heart rates, hypertension, drug addiction and heart failure. The low level of dopamine, on the other hand, may cause stress, depression, ailments such as schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and many more. Thus, monitoring of dopamine measures in body in real time is vital for observing its impact on biological process and mechanism. In this work, a straightforward and efficient sensor model is proposed to detect the presence of dopamine in human body. Etched optical fiber with an overlayer of one of the most promising 2D material-graphene oxide (GO) is used for developing the sensor with the lossy mode resonance (LMR) approach. The sensor probe was analyzed for its performance in terms of stability. The experimental results show that the proposed etched LMR biosensor has immense capacity to sense the presence of dopamine in human and thus have significant application in real time detection and monitoring of dopamine.
Ascorbic acid, genreally known as Vitamin ‘C’, is a nutrient, which is responsible for numerous biological functions like collagen formation, iron absorption, growth and repair of cells, tissues, bones, cartilages, teeth etc. It plays a promising role in providing a healthy immunity against bacterial and viral infections. It also helps in making several chemical messenger and hormones, thus playing importance in the nervopus system of body. Thus, ascorbic acid is a biomarker for the detection of various malfunctionings of the body like weakened immunity, scurvy, cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. In this work, a straightforward and effectual sensor model is proposed to detect the presence of ascorbic acid samples found in human body. Etched single mode fiber-multimode fiber-single mode fiber (E-SMS) is used for developing the sensor with the application of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) phenomenon. For achieving LSPR and better sensitivity, the E-SMS are coated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The different concentration of ascorbic acid solution alters the refractive index and the spectrum thus recorded and evaluated. The experimental results shows that the proposed E-SMS-based LSPR biosensors can detect the presence of ascorbic acid in human body and thus have significant application in the field of biosensing.
This study designs an optimal optical 1 to 2 data distributor using a nonlinear optical effect within metal–insulator–metal plasmonic (MIM) waveguides based on the Mach–Zehnder interferometer. An optical source of 1550 nm and FDTD technique are utilized to design and simulate the proposed structure. The FDTD results are then validated using a MATLAB simulation of the design. The proposed design can be used in high-speed combinational circuits to distribute a given data to 2n users.
In this work, an optimized all-optical 2x1 line selector is designed and simulated using a nonlinear optical effect inside metal-insulator-metal plasmonic waveguides based Mach–Zehnder interferometers. The proposed design is simulated using an optical source of 1550 nm and obtained the results by finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method and results are verified with MATLAB simulation.
Reflecting codes are frequently employed to reduce erroneous output from electromechanical/optical switches and to assist error correction in today’s communication systems such as digital terrestrial television and some cable TV systems. In this work, all optical reflective code is designed and simulated using a nonlinear optical effect inside metal-insulator-metal plasmonic waveguides based on Mach–Zehnder interferometer. Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is used to analyze the performance of proposed structure and results are verified with MATLAB simulation.
Recently, optical waveguides designed by utilizing metal-insulator-metal (MIM) are widely used because of its excellent ability to limit surface plasmons to a deep sub-wavelength scale. In this paper, combined design of OR and universal NAND logic gates is proposed using the switching property of non-linear effect of plasmonic-MIM waveguide-based Mach–Zehnder interferometer. The footprint of proposed Feynman logic gate is 42μm*9μm, extinction ratio is 9.03dB for NAND gate and 11.25dB for OR gate. An insertion loss of -0.705dB for NAND gate and -0.655 dB for OR which is much better as compared to electro-optic based structures.The simulation is done using a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method and mathematical modeling of the device that has been verified by using MATLAB.
The application of electro-optic effect in lithium-niobate-based Mach–Zehnder interferometer to design a 3-bit optical pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) generator has been proposed, which is characterized by its simplicity of generation and stability. The proposed device is optoelectronic in nature. The PBRS generator is immensely applicable for pattern generation, encryption, and coding applications in optical networks. The study is carried out by simulating the proposed device with beam propagation method.
An optical 3-bit Excess-3 code converter is demonstrated by using Mach-Zehnder Interferometers based on electro-optic effect. It is a way to represent values with a balanced number of positive and negative numbers using a prespecified number N as a biasing value.
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