Efficient video compression is based on three principles: reduction
of the temporal, spatial and statistical redundancy present in the
video signal. Most video compression algorithm, (MPEGs, H.26x, ...)
use the same principle to reduce the spatial redundancy, i.e. an 8x8
DCT transform. However there exist other transforms capable of
similar results. Those are the integer 4x4 DCT and the wavelet
transforms for instance. This article compare many transforms in the
same global compression scheme, i.e the same motion estimation,
compensation strategy and the same entropy coding. Moreover the tests
are conducted on sequences of different nature, such as sport, video
surveillance and movies. This allows a global performance comparison
of those transforms in many different scenarios.
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