We present a single-shot Fourier transform holography setup with ~100nm spatial resolution and 1 ns temporal resolution using a tabletop extreme ultraviolet (EUV) laser. Flash images allowed for the imaging of nano-pillars oscillating at MHz frequencies that will enable the evaluation of mechanical properties of nanoscale mechanical oscillators.
We report experimental results of wavelength dynamics in a soliton fiber ring laser passively mode locked by using the
nonlinear polarization rotation technique. We find central wavelength of pulses can be tuned by adjusting the
polarization controllers due to the fiber birefringence dependence on the light wavelength. The spectrum of pulses
generated from that of continuous waves (CW) is also studied. We find the wavelength shifted between the CW and the
mode-locked state exhibits hysteresis effect. The mechanism is investigated and it is found the wavelength tuning
hysteresis is the combined effects of fiber birefringence and cavity propagation property.
Based on the Maxwell-Bloch formalism, operation of a passively mode-locked fiber laser is numerically investigated. It
is found that even with the effects of coherence stable solitary waves can still be obtained in the laser due to the cavity
pulse peak clamping effect. And the discrepancies between the results obtained by the coupled GLEs and the Maxwell-
Bloch formalism will increase as the linear phase delay bias increases.
In the paper, we have numerically studied how the initial conditions influence the mode-locked soliton formation in the passively mode-locked fiber laser by using the nonlinear polarization rotation technique. We find that once the laser gain is fixed, a soliton with fixed peak power and pulse width will be formed, which is independent of the initial seed pulse conditions. Further numerical simulations have shown that both the peak power and the pulse width of the mode-locked soliton are varied with the linear cavity delay bias setting. We identified that the larger the linear cavity phase setting, the higher the soliton peak and the narrower the soliton pulse achievable in certain range, and adjustable pulse width passively mode-locked fiber laser can be formed by turning the linear cavity delay bias.
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