KEYWORDS: Printing, Inspection, Image processing, Cameras, Machine vision, Chemical elements, Imaging systems, Computing systems, Digital signal processing, RGB color model
Purpose: To detect the defects during the high speed process of web printing, such as smudges, doctor streaks, pin holes,
character misprints, foreign matters, hazing, wrinkles, etc., which are the main infecting factors to the quality of printing
presswork. Methods: A set of novel machine vision system is used to detect the defects. This system consists of
distributed data processing with multiple linear cameras, effective anti-blooming illumination design and fast image
processing algorithm with blob searching. Also, pattern matching adapted to paper tension and snake-moving are
emphasized. Results: Experimental results verify the speed, reliability and accuracy of the proposed system, by which
most of the main defects are inspected at real time under the speed of 300 m/min. Conclusions: High speed quality
inspection of large-size web requires multiple linear cameras to construct distributed data processing system. Also
material characters of the printings should also be stressed to design proper optical structure, so that tiny web defects can
be inspected with variably angles of illumination.
KEYWORDS: 3D modeling, Reverse modeling, Bone, Finite element methods, Data modeling, Image segmentation, Visualization, Cartilage, Visual process modeling, Solids
Purpose: To generate a three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) model of human thorax which may provide the basis
of biomechanics simulation for the study of design effect and mechanism of safety belt when vehicle collision. Methods:
Using manually or semi-manually segmented method, the interested area can be segmented from the VCH (Visible
Chinese Human) dataset. The 3D surface model of thorax is visualized by using VTK (Visualization Toolkit) and further
translated into (Stereo Lithography) STL format, which approximates the geometry of solid model by representing the
boundaries with triangular facets. The data in STL format need to be normalized into NURBS surfaces and IGES format
using software such as Geomagic Studio to provide archetype for reverse engineering. The 3D FE model was established
using Ansys software. Results: The generated 3D FE model was an integrated thorax model which could reproduce
human's complicated structure morphology including clavicle, ribs, spine and sternum. It was consisted of 1 044 179
elements in total. Conclusions: Compared with the previous thorax model, this FE model enhanced the authenticity and
precision of results analysis obviously, which can provide a sound basis for analysis of human thorax biomechanical
research. Furthermore, using the method above, we can also establish 3D FE models of some other organizes and tissues
utilizing the VCH dataset.
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