KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, Analog electronics, Signal processing, Digital signal processing, Algorithm development, Field programmable gate arrays, Clocks, Sensors, Video
Charge Coupled Devices (CCD) are detectors widely used in astronomical observation due to their high sensitivity and high spatial resolution. The readout technique is often implemented with analog circuits. The main objective of our research is to replace the analog processing of a CCD signal with the realisation of digital processing. In doing so, low noise levels will be obtained while reducing the area and improving flexibility. Digital Correlated Double Sampling (DCDS) is a readout technique by which the CCD signal is oversampled many times allowing the CDS filter function to move from the traditional analog domain to the digital domain. Two digital processing systems have been tested using the DCDS readout technique by developing algorithms to analyze and process the digital samples taken from reading the CCD. These digital processing systems have low cost, low power and a compact package. An extensive CCD readout characterization based on Photon Transfer (PT) method has been carried out on a vacuum and controlled temperature conditions. It has also been confirmed using an Fe55 X-ray source. The power dissipation achieved is a high improvement with respect to the analog circuit and the noise values obtained are in concordance with the analog processing.
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