KEYWORDS: 3D image processing, Statistical analysis, Image processing, Visualization, 3D image reconstruction, Image analysis, 3D vision, Inspection, 3D scanning
In this paper an optical triangulation system is used to perform the three-dimensional surface reconstruction of different textile fabrics for an objective evaluation of wrinkling. The system works by projecting a light stripe onto the surface of the fabric samples and according to the amount of wrinkling exhibited on them, the light stripe will suffer larger or smaller deviations. By moving the fabric samples relatively to the light stripe, a complete scan of the fabrics is achieved. This process leads then to the creation of 3D images of the fabrics on which it is possible to distinguish their topographic differences. With the collected data of the fabrics, it is also possible to calculate several parameters to evaluate the wrinkling quantitatively. As expected, both analyses considered in the current work are completely in agreement with the reference grades of the subjective wrinkling evaluation method.
This work addresses the study of repeatability of an optical laser system, previously implemented by our research team, for characterization of the fiber distribution and mass density of two paper samples with different characteristics. In the experiment that has been carried out in the current work, both paper samples were laser scanned by the system on a total of 16 times (4 times per day in 4 different days). The data acquired and registered during the experimental work, associated to both tested samples, were then processed and the obtained results showed that the optical system is precise.
In this work, two optical systems previously designed and implemented by our research team, were used to enable the surface and bulk inspection of the ink-paper interaction by image analysis. Basically, the first system works by ejecting micro-liter ink drops onto the papers surface while monitoring the event under three different views over time. The second system is used for sectioning the paper samples through their thickness and to simultaneously acquire images of the ink penetration of each section cut. In the performed experiments, three black inks of different brands and a common copy paper were chosen, used, and tested with the two developed optical systems. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses were carried out at the surface level and in the bulk of the paper. In terms of conclusions, it was shown that the three tested ink-paper combinations revealed very distinct characteristics.
This work concerns the characterization of the fiber distribution and mass density of paper samples (extracted from paper sheets) using an optical laser system previously designed and implemented by our research team. To accomplish this task, the developed optical system was used to illuminate the paper samples with laser radiation, by opposite sides, while two image detectors captured images of the retro-diffused and transmitted laser radiation on each side of the paper samples. The captured images were then submitted to several processing routines to enable the assessment of the fiber distribution and mass density. In our experiments, two paper samples extracted from paper sheets of different characteristics were used. In terms of experimental work, the samples were both scanned with the system considering several points dispersed across their entire area, allowing the assessment of both parameters locally (for specific locations of the samples) and globally (considering the samples as a whole).
Abrasion is responsible for many surface changes that occur on garments. For this reason, the evaluation of its effects becomes very important for the textile industry. In particular, pilling formation is a phenomenon that results of the abrasion process and affects fabrics more significantly altering their surface severely. The present work presents a method based on optical triangulation that enables topographic reconstructions of textile fabric samples and
consequently, makes possible the evaluation and the quantification of the pilling formation that results from their topographic changes. Specific algorithms, written in the MatLab programming language, were developed and implemented to control the image data acquisition, storage and processing procedures. Finally, with the available processed data was possible to reconstruct the surface of fabric samples in three-dimensions and also, a coefficient to express the pilling formation occurred on the analyzed fabrics was achieved. Several tests and experiences have been carried out and the obtained results shown that this method is robust and precise.
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