Visible light-based positioning (VLP) is envisioned to be a promising solution to indoor positioning, orientation, and navigation because of the widespread use of light-emitting diodes for illumination. At present, several VLP schemes have been proposed, with most researchers using the line-of-sight channel and ignore the multipath reflection. However, some research works have shown that multipath reflections degrade the performance of VLP systems greatly. We propose an optimization positioning method based on reflected light depolarization characteristics to subtract the multipath reflection signals from the received signals, which can eliminate or mitigate the impact of multipath reflection to improve positioning accuracy. Further, a model is established theoretically, and simulations are carried out in a 0.82  m  ×  0.82  m  ×  0.62  m area. The simulation results show that the average positioning error and maximal error are reduced by 94.9% and 85.1%, respectively, when using the method. In the experiments, the performances are assessed and match well with our simulation results, achieving an average positioning error of 4.2 cm and a maximal positioning error of 8.4 cm, corresponding to a decrease of 62.5% and 66.0%.