Open Access
6 July 2022 Dual-modulation difference stimulated emission depletion microscopy to suppress the background signal
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Abstract

Stimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy is one of the most well-developed nanoscopy techniques that can provide subdiffraction spatial resolution imaging. Here, we introduce dual-modulation difference STED microscopy (dmdSTED) to suppress the background noise in traditional STED imaging. By applying respective time-domain modulations to the two continuous-wave lasers, signals are distributed discretely in the frequency spectrum and thus are obtained through lock-in demodulation of the corresponding frequencies. The background signals can be selectively eliminated from the effective signal without compromise of temporal resolution. We used nanoparticle, fixed cell, and perovskite coating experiments, as well as theoretical demonstration, to confirm the effectiveness of this method. We highlight dmdSTED as an idea and approach with simple implementation for improving the imaging quality, which substantially enlarges the versatility of STED nanoscopy.

CC BY: © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.
Wensheng Wang, Chuankang Li, Zhengyi Zhan, Zhimin Zhang, Yubing Han, Cuifang Kuang, and Xu Liu "Dual-modulation difference stimulated emission depletion microscopy to suppress the background signal," Advanced Photonics 4(4), 046001 (6 July 2022). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.AP.4.4.046001
Received: 11 February 2022; Accepted: 11 June 2022; Published: 6 July 2022
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CITATIONS
Cited by 5 scholarly publications and 1 patent.
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KEYWORDS
Stimulated emission depletion microscopy

Luminescence

Modulation

Curium

Confocal microscopy

Signal detection

Spatial resolution

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