Hollow-core waveguides represent a promising type of on-chip waveguide, enabling strong light-matter interactions for guiding light directly in the medium of interest. Hollow-core waveguides are very established in fiber optics, while they receive much less attention in on-chip photonics.
Here, we will show how 3D nanoprinting is used to transfer hollow-core waveguide concepts from fiber optics to on-chip photonics. Two main types of nanoprinted waveguides are discussed, yielding a high-power fraction in the core and lateral access to the core region. We will explain applications of these waveguides in gas- and water-based spectroscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis and optical fiber interconnection.
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