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Nonlinear spectral broadening based on self-phase modulation followed by pulse compression is a well-established approach in high average power and ultrashort pulse duration systems. One exemplary implementation uses free space propagation through a nonlinear medium (solid or gas) in a multipass arrangement. Scaling this method beyond the 10 mJ-range is mainly limited by three detrimental effects: excessive self-focusing, laser-induced mirror damage and gas ionization. Dominantly multipass cells are realized with a Herriott-cell arrangement comprising two concave mirrors. Here we suggest a different approach, a concave-convex geometry. No foci are present in these multi-pass cells, mitigating the ionization problem. The decreased intensity permits the arrangement's folding, reducing the required footprint for practical applications.
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Kilian Fritsch, Victor Hariton, Nazar Kovalenko, Kevin Schwarz, Gonçalo Figueira, Oleg Pronin, "Convex-concave multipass cells for spectral broadening and compression," Proc. SPIE PC12411, Frontiers in Ultrafast Optics: Biomedical, Scientific, and Industrial Applications XXIII, PC124110B (17 March 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2668682