Hemicyanine dyes are promising materials for solid-state tunable dye lasers because of their high activity for light
amplification and superior durability under optical pumping when doped in DNA-surfactant complexes. A hemicyanine
with a long alkyl chain, 4-[4-(dimethylamino)stylyl]-1-dococylpyridium bromide (DMASDPB or Hemi22) has been
incorporated in the complex films prepared with various methods, demonstrating amplified spontaneous emission (ASE),
laser oscillation and its wavelength tuning. While these achievements have seemed to confirm the importance of
intercalation or groove-binding of the dyes to DNA strand, our recent studies for the hemicyanine and other dyes
suggested that the influence from surfactant molecules was more essential than that from DNA structure. Considering
that dye-DNA interaction mode may strongly depend on the size and structure of the dye molecules, another
hemicyanine, 4-[4-(dimethylamino)stylyl]-1-methylpyridium iodide (DMASMPI or Hemi1) with methyl substituent
instead of C22 of Hemi22, was employed as dopant in the complex for comparison. DMASMPI-doped-complex films
prepared by the same method also showed ASE under optical pumping with a threshold value nearly identical to that for
DMASDPB, suggesting common interaction feature. On the other hand, the dye had high solubility in water and gave
fluorescence enhancement when dissolved in aqueous solution with DNA, indicating direct interaction between the dye
and DNA double strand.
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