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The papers included in this volume were part of the technical conference cited on the cover and title page. Papers were selected and subject to review by the editors and conference program committee. Some conference presentations may not be available for publication. The papers published in these proceedings reflect the work and thoughts of the authors and are published herein as submitted. The publishers are not responsible for the validity of the information or for any outcomes resulting from reliance thereon. Please use the following format to cite material from this book: Author(s), “Title of Paper,” in Document Recognition and Retrieval XXII, edited by Eric K. Ringger, Bart Lamiroy, Proceedings of SPIE-IS&T Electronic Imaging, SPIE-IS&T Vol. 9402, Article CID Number (2015) ISSN: 0277-786X ISBN: 9781628414929 Copublished by SPIE P.O. Box 10, Bellingham, Washington 98227-0010 USA Telephone +1 360 676 3290 (Pacific Time) · Fax +1 360 647 1445 and IS&T—The Society for Imaging Science and Technology 7003 Kilworth Lane, Springfield, Virginia, 22151 USA Telephone +1 703 642 9090 (Eastern Time) · Fax +1 703 642 9094 Copyright © 2015, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers and The Society for Imaging Science and Technology. Copying of material in this book for internal or personal use, or for the internal or personal use of specific clients, beyond the fair use provisions granted by the U.S. Copyright Law is authorized by the publishers subject to payment of copying fees. The Transactional Reporting Service base fee for this volume is $18.00 per article (or portion thereof), which should be paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. Payment may also be made electronically through CCC Online at copyright.com. Other copying for republication, resale, advertising or promotion, or any form of systematic or multiple reproduction of any material in this book is prohibited except with permission in writing from the publisher. The CCC fee code is 0277-786X/15/$18.00. Printed in the United States of America. Paper Numbering: Proceedings of SPIE follow an e-First publication model, with papers published first online and then in print. Papers are published as they are submitted and meet publication criteria. A unique citation identifier (CID) number is assigned to each article at the time of the first publication. Utilization of CIDs allows articles to be fully citable as soon as they are published online, and connects the same identifier to all online, print, and electronic versions of the publication. SPIE uses a six-digit CID article numbering system in which:
The CID Number appears on each page of the manuscript. The complete citation is used on the first page, and an abbreviated version on subsequent pages. AuthorsNumbers in the index correspond to the last two digits of the six-digit citation identifier (CID) article numbering system used in Proceedings of SPIE. The first four digits reflect the volume number. Base 36 numbering is employed for the last two digits and indicates the order of articles within the volume. Numbers start with 00, 01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 0A, 0B…0Z, followed by 10-1Z, 20-2Z, etc. Barrett, William A., 08, 0A Bideault, Gautier, 0F, 0G Blégean, Julien, 0B Bouville, Thomas, 0B Breuel, Thomas M., 0H Brunessaux, S., 0F Busch, Hannah, 06 Cao, Hongliu, 0B Cao, Huaigu, 0E Chanda, Bhabatosh, 0O Chandna, Swati, 06 Chatelain, Clément, 0F, 0G Chen, Kai, 04 Clawson, Robert, 0A Cohen, Rafi, 0I Das, Amit, 0O Davis, Brian L., 08 De, Paramita, 0O El-Sana, Jihad, 0I Embley, David W., 0M Essoukri Ben Amara, Najoua, 05 Fan, Wei, 0K Feng, Jixiong, 0D Fu, Songping, 0N Gao, Liangcai, 09 Ghamizi, Salah, 0B Gomez-Krämer, Petra, 05 Hambarde, Mangesh, 0J Hennebert, Jean, 04 Héroux, Pierre, 05 Houpin, Romain, 0B Ingold, Rolf, 04 Jejkal, Thomas, 06 Kabir, Ehsanollah, 0C Kedem, Klara, 0I Kochar, Shaivi, 0J Krause, Celia, 06 Krishnamoorthy, Mukkai, 0M Lamiroy, Bart, 0B Lebourgeois, Franck, 0D Li, Sida, 09 Liu, Lu, 0N Liwicki, Marcus, 04 Lloyd, Matthias, 0B Lu, Xiaoqing, 0N Mandal, Sekhar, 0O Mehri, Maroua, 05 Mioulet, Luc, 0F, 0G Mullot, Rémy, 05 Nagy, George, 0M Naoi, Satoshi, 0K Natarajan, Prem, 0E Nayef, Nibal, 0L Ogier, Jean-Marc, 0L Paquet, Thierry, 0F, 0G Patial, Ajay, 0J Peng, Liangrui, 0D Peng, Xujun, 0E Prabhune, Ajinkya, 06 Qu, Jingwei, 0N Rabaev, Irina, 0I Ramachandrula, Sitaram, 0J Sahoo, Dushyant, 0J Seth, Sharad, 0M Seuret, Mathias, 04 Sliti, Nabil, 05 Soheili, Mohammad Reza, 0C, 0H Srihari, Sargur N., 0P Stalnaker, David, 07 Stotzka, Rainer, 06 Stricker, Didier, 0C, 0H Sun, Jun, 0K Swingle, Scott D., 08 Tang, Zhi, 09, 0N Tonne, Danah, 06 Vanscheidt, Philipp, 06 Wei, Hao, 04 Xu, Zhen, 0P Yousefi, Mohammad Reza, 0H Yu, Yinyan, 09 Zanibbi, Richard, 07 Conference CommitteeSymposium Chair Symposium Co-chair Conference Chairs
Conference Program Committee
Conference Review Committee Session Chairs
IntroductionOn behalf of the program committee, we welcome you to the twenty-second Document Recognition and Retrieval conference (DRR 2015) in San Francisco, California, USA. DRR is held annually as part of the IS&T/SPIE Symposium on Electronic Imaging. It is one of the leading international conferences on document recognition, including related research on information retrieval and text mining, especially as they pertain to document images. This year we received 44 paper submissions. Of those, 23 papers were accepted, for an overall acceptance rate of 52%. In this year’s edition of the conference, all papers will be presented as oral presentations. We want to sincerely thank the program committee members and additional reviewers for helping us create a strong technical program. The additional reviewers: William Lund (BYU, USA), Douglas Kennard (BYU, USA), Oliver Nina (University of Central Florida, USA), Cérès Carton (IRISA, France), Aurélie Lemaitre (IRISA, France), Yann Ricquebourg (IRISA, Rennes, France), Santosh K.C. (NIH-NLM, USA), Jin Chen (Lehigh University, USA). The program encompasses the following sessions: Document Layout Analysis and Understanding; Document Structure Semantics, Forms, and Tables; Text Analysis; Handwriting I & II; Quality and Compression; and Graphics and Structure. Topics that are current elsewhere in the pattern recognition and machine learning communities, including probabilistic graphical models and deep neural networks, also make important appearances in the technical program. This year’s invited Keynotes will be given by Brewster Kahle, founder of the Internet Archive, and by Dan Klein, professor of computer science at the University of California, Berkeley. Brewster will address the challenges of large document repositories such as the Internet Archive, while Dan’s talk will address unsupervised transcription for documents and music. Our invited speakers are helping to build bridges between DRR and neighboring disciplines such as computer vision and NLP. Once again we recognize the strong contributions of student primary authors. For the best student paper award, we are grateful to Elisa H. Barney Smith (chair) and the award committee for carrying out the difficult task of choosing winning papers. The winners will be announced at the award ceremony of the conference. This year, thanks to the generous sponsorship by A9 and Google, we are able to complement these awards with a generous gift. We are very grateful for this continued support by our sponsors. This year promises to hold change for DRR. After many years, SPIE and IS&T have announced that they are parting ways in their sponsorship of the annual Electronic Imaging conference, DRR’s umbrella venue. Therefore DRR will feature a panel discussion in which we address the options for future editions. We hope that attendees have an excellent experience at DRR XXII and that readers of the proceedings find work that helps them to advance the state of the art in document recognition and retrieval! Eric K. Ringger Bart Lamiroy |
