First results from the hyperspectral imager for climate science (HySICS)

Greg Kopp; Chris Belting; Zach Castleman; Ginger Drake; Joey Espejo; Karl Heuerman; Bret Lamprecht; James Lanzi; Paul Smith; David Stuchlik; Bill Vermeer

doi:10.1117/12.2053426

13 June 2014 First results from the hyperspectral imager for climate science (HySICS)

Greg Kopp, Chris Belting, Zach Castleman, Ginger Drake, Joey Espejo, Karl Heuerman, Bret Lamprecht, James Lanzi, Paul Smith, David Stuchlik, Bill Vermeer

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 9088, Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XX; 90880Q (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2053426
Event: SPIE Defense + Security, 2014, Baltimore, MD, United States

Abstract

The 2007 National Research Council Decadal Survey for Earth Science identified needed measurements to improve understanding of the Earth’s climate system, recommending acquiring Earth spectral radiances with an unprecedented 0.2% absolute radiometric accuracy to track long-term climate change and to improve climate models and predictions. Current space-based imagers have radiometric uncertainties of ~2% or higher limited by the high degradation uncertainties of onboard solar diffusers or calibration lamps or by vicarious ground scenes viewed through the Earth’s atmosphere. The HyperSpectral Imager for Climate Science (HySICS) is a spatial/spectral imaging spectrometer with an emphasis on radiometric accuracy for such long-term climate studies based on Earth-reflected visible and near-infrared radiances. The HySICS’s accuracy is provided by direct views of the Sun, which is more stable and better characterized than traditional flight calibration sources. Two high-altitude balloon flights provided by NASA's Wallops Flight Facility and NASA’s Columbia Scientific Balloon Facility are intended to demonstrate the instrument’s 10× improvement in radiometric accuracy over existing instruments. We present the results of the first of these flights, during which measurements of the Sun, Earth, and lunar crescent were acquired from 37 km altitude. Covering the entire 350-2300 nm spectral region needed for shortwave Earth remote sensing with the HySICS’s single, flight-heritage detector array promises mass, cost, and size advantages for eventual space- and air-borne missions. A 6 nm spectral resolution with a 0.5 km spatial resolution from low Earth orbit helps in determinations of atmospheric composition, land usage, vegetation, and ocean color.

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Greg Kopp, Chris Belting, Zach Castleman, Ginger Drake, Joey Espejo, Karl Heuerman, Bret Lamprecht, James Lanzi, Paul Smith, David Stuchlik, and Bill Vermeer "First results from the hyperspectral imager for climate science (HySICS)", Proc. SPIE 9088, Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XX, 90880Q (13 June 2014); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2053426

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