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The papers included in this volume were part of the technical conference cited on the cover and title page. Papers were selected and subject to review by the editors and conference program committee. Some conference presentations may not be available for publication. The papers published in these proceedings reflect the work and thoughts of the authors and are published herein as submitted. The publisher is not responsible for the validity of the information or for any outcomes resulting from reliance thereon. Please use the following format to cite material from this book: Author(s), “Title of Paper,” in Photonic Instrumentation Engineering, edited by Yakov G. Soskind, Craig Olson, Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 8992 (SPIE, Bellingham, WA, 2014) Article CID Number. ISSN: 0277-786X ISBN: 9780819499059 Published by SPIE P.O. Box 10, Bellingham, Washington 98227-0010 USA Telephone +1 360 676 3290 (Pacific Time) • Fax +1 360 647 1445 Copyright © 2014, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. Copying of material in this book for internal or personal use, or for the internal or personal use of specific clients, beyond the fair use provisions granted by the U.S. Copyright Law is authorized by SPIE subject to payment of copying fees. The Transactional Reporting Service base fee for this volume is $18.00 per article (or portion thereof), which should be paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. Payment may also be made electronically through CCC Online at copyright.com. Other copying for republication, resale, advertising or promotion, or any form of systematic or multiple reproduction of any material in this book is prohibited except with permission in writing from the publisher. The CCC fee code is 0277-786X/14/$18.00. Printed in the United States of America. Publication of record for individual papers is online in the SPIE Digital Library. Paper Numbering: Proceedings of SPIE follow an e-First publication model, with papers published first online and then in print and on CD-ROM. Papers are published as they are submitted and meet publication criteria. A unique, consistent, permanent citation identifier (CID) number is assigned to each article at the time of the first publication. Utilization of CIDs allows articles to be fully citable as soon as they are published online, and connects the same identifier to all online, print, and electronic versions of the publication. SPIE uses a six-digit CID article numbering system in which:
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IntroductionThese inaugural proceedings for the Conference on Photonic Instrumentation Engineering present a record of a multidisciplinary forum for the measurement of light and its exploitation as a measurement tool. Light serves as a foundation of life, provides us with the ability to observe the world, and satisfies our curiosity to explore the world. The ability of humanity to question and explore the world around us is one of our most unique defining traits. In particular, the development of tools and instruments to measure and quantify the world around us is, in a large sense, what enables modern science and engineering, hearkening back to the days of the Royal Society itself. In its most primeval form, light has been used since antiquity for measurement purposes, ranging from the ancient seafaring art of celestial navigation by starlight to the most modern of concepts, measurement of the finite speed of light itself. The first determination of the speed of light in 1676 was a major breakthrough in the recognition of our position in the universe. By timing motion in the moons of Jupiter, the Danish astronomer Ole Roemer put a finite time scale to the most fleeting of events -- the motion of photons through physical space. It is perhaps coincidental that almost concurrently (at least in historical terms) with the determination of the most important property about light, the first light-based microscope instruments were being employed in the Netherlands to discover the vast treasure of microbial life. In the late 18th century, optical instrumentation helped to provide the first official definition of the meter, perhaps the most fundamental physical constant in science. Over the past 400 years and counting, the explosion in optical instrumentation has not ceased. Measurements by or about light represent science on both the smallest and largest scales, and such diversity is well represented in the papers within this conference. There are papers representing all aspects of science, engineering systems, and measurement regimes. Optical instruments are presented within this conference ranging in size from the Giant Magellan telescope (designed to measure the extent of physical phenomena on the order of light years) to electron-beam lithography measurement tools providing single-nanometer accuracy. A series of ruggedized instruments is presented that are designed to work in the harshest environments: near molten steel, immersed in chemical media, withstanding high vacuum, and on top of wind turbines on the open sea. Presentations exploiting both high order (in the form of semiconductors and fiber Bragg gratings) and designed disorder (in the form of Anderson localized modes for light transport) conspire to illustrate how photonic systems can easily employ widely disparate physical phenomena. The design and development of photonic instrumentation systems for sustained life are represented as well, manifested in presentations on design tools for biophotonics and in situ fiber sensing for biological environments. Even within the realm of optics and photonics, the interdisciplinary nature of instrumentation systems, techniques, and physical phenomena is growing with exponential complexity. Providing a common ground and forum for new ideas to spread between the fundamental and the practical is critical to the continuation of science and engineering. We hope to see a strong and continuing interest in such a wide range of optical instrumentation, as well as the engineering required to realize it. Yakov G. Soskind Craig Olson |
