Innovative Raman spectroscopic concepts for in situ monitoring of chemicals in seawater

Kay Sowoidnich; María Fernández López; Heinz-Detlef Kronfeldt

doi:10.1117/12.2015257

31 May 2013 Innovative Raman spectroscopic concepts for in situ monitoring of chemicals in seawater

Kay Sowoidnich, María Fernández López, Heinz-Detlef Kronfeldt

Proceedings Volume 8718, Advanced Environmental, Chemical, and Biological Sensing Technologies X; 871802 (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2015257
Event: SPIE Defense, Security, and Sensing, 2013, Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Abstract

Optical sensors based on Raman spectroscopy are suitable for a rapid identification and quantification of pollutants such as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). Additionally, Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has gained increasing attention as a powerful technique for in-situ monitoring of these substances in seawater to achieve limits of detection (LODs) in the sub-nmol/l range. A low-cost method based on electroless plating solution of chloroauric acid (HAuCl₄) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) was developed in our group to construct a gold island film as SERS substrate to achieve a well reproducible, high sensitive and seawater resistant SERS sensor. The substrates show good resistance against seawater determined by long-term stability tests carried out over 12 weeks of storage of the substrates in artificial seawater. The investigations show that the substrates still have about 50 % of their initial activity after 4 weeks of storage and about 15 % after two months. This type of substrate is reproducible with variability in the SERS intensities of about 8 %. Shifted excitation Raman difference spectroscopy (SERDS) was applied by using a microsystem diode laser emitting at 784.3 nm and 784.8 nm to remove the fluorescence interference and to improve the Raman signals. This combination of SERS and SERDS yields a limit of detection of 1 nmol/l for pyrene which was selected as representative PAH. These quantitative results show that the designed SERS substrates are suitable for the in-situ monitoring of PAHs in the marine environment.

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Kay Sowoidnich, María Fernández López, and Heinz-Detlef Kronfeldt "Innovative Raman spectroscopic concepts for in situ monitoring of chemicals in seawater", Proc. SPIE 8718, Advanced Environmental, Chemical, and Biological Sensing Technologies X, 871802 (31 May 2013); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2015257

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KEYWORDS

Raman spectroscopy

Gold

Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Electroless plating

Nanoparticles

Luminescence

Silicon

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