Combined micro computed tomography and histology study of bone augmentation and distraction osteogenesis

Bernd Ilgenstein; Hans Deyhle; Claude Jaquiery; Christoph Kunz; Anja Stalder; Stefan Stübinger; Gernot Jundt; Felix Beckmann; Bert Müller; Simone Elke Hieber

doi:10.1117/12.929616

17 October 2012 Combined micro computed tomography and histology study of bone augmentation and distraction osteogenesis

Bernd Ilgenstein, Hans Deyhle, Claude Jaquiery, Christoph Kunz, Anja Stalder, Stefan Stübinger, Gernot Jundt, Felix Beckmann, Bert Müller, Simone Elke Hieber

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 8506, Developments in X-Ray Tomography VIII; 85060M (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.929616
Event: SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, 2012, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

Bone augmentation is a vital part of surgical interventions of the oral and maxillofacial area including dental implantology. Prior to implant placement, sufficient bone volume is needed to reduce the risk of peri-implantitis. While augmentation using harvested autologous bone is still considered as gold standard, many surgeons prefer bone substitutes to reduce operation time and to avoid donor site morbidity. To assess the osteogenic efficacy of commercially available augmentation materials we analyzed drill cores extracted before implant insertion. In younger patients, distraction osteogenesis is successfully applied to correct craniofacial deformities through targeted bone formation. To study the influence of mesenchymal stem cells on bone regeneration during distraction osteogenesis, human mesenchymal stem cells were injected into the distraction gap of nude rat mandibles immediately after osteotomy. The distraction was performed over eleven days to reach a distraction gap of 6 mm. Both the rat mandibles and the drill cores were scanned using synchrotron radiation-based micro computed tomography. The three-dimensional data were manually registered and compared with corresponding two-dimensional histological sections to assess bone regeneration and its morphology. The analysis of the rat mandibles indicates that bone formation is enhanced by mesenchymal stem cells injected before distraction. The bone substitutes yielded a wide range of bone volume and degree of resorption. The volume fraction of the newly formed bone was determined to 34.4% in the computed tomography dataset for the augmentation material Geistlich Bio-Oss^®. The combination of computed tomography and histology allowed a complementary assessment for both bone augmentation and distraction osteogenesis.

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Bernd Ilgenstein, Hans Deyhle, Claude Jaquiery, Christoph Kunz, Anja Stalder, Stefan Stübinger, Gernot Jundt, Felix Beckmann, Bert Müller, and Simone Elke Hieber "Combined micro computed tomography and histology study of bone augmentation and distraction osteogenesis", Proc. SPIE 8506, Developments in X-Ray Tomography VIII, 85060M (17 October 2012); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.929616

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