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There is a basic need both in X-ray astronomy and in synchrotron X-ray optics to be able to modify the shape of
an optic via an external source of actuation. We describe a technique of shape modification that can be applied
to thin walled (~ 100-400 micron thickness) electroformed replicated optics or glass optics to improve the near
net shape of the mirror as well as the mid-frequency (~ 2-10 mm length scales) ripple. The process involves
sputter deposition of a magnetic smart material (MSM) film onto a magnetically hard material (i.e., one that
retains a magnetic field, e.g. the material in hard disk drives). The MSM material exhibits strains about 400
times stronger than ordinary ferromagnetic materials. The deformation process involves a magnetic write head
which traverses the surface, and under the guidance of active metrology feedback, locally magnetizes the surface
to impart strain where needed. We describe the results of our current progress toward our ultimate goal of
improving the angular resolution of grazing incidence optics.
Melville P. Ulmer,Xiaoli Wang,Jian Cao,Julia Savoie,Bridget Bellavia,Michael E. Graham, andSemyon Vaynman
"Progress report on using magneto-strictive sputtered thin films to modify the shape of a x-ray telescope mirror", Proc. SPIE 8443, Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2012: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray, 84433N (17 September 2012); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.924151
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Melville P. Ulmer, Xiaoli Wang, Jian Cao, Julia Savoie, Bridget Bellavia, Michael E. Graham, Semyon Vaynman, "Progress report on using magneto-strictive sputtered thin films to modify the shape of a x-ray telescope mirror," Proc. SPIE 8443, Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2012: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray, 84433N (17 September 2012); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.924151