PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.
This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 8164, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, and the Conference Committee listing.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
In this paper, progress made so far in the performance testing of waveguide laser components sent by NASA Langley
Research Center on MISSE 6 mission will be discussed. The objective of the Materials International Space Station
Experiment (MISSE) is to study the performance of novel materials when subjected to the synergistic effects of the
harsh space environment for several months. MISSE missions provide an opportunity for developing space qualifiable
materials. The results of post-testing of several optical materials that were recently returned back after more than one
year of exposure on the International Space Station (ISS) will be presented. The items were part of the MISSE 6 mission
that was transported to the ISS via STS 123 on March 11, 2008 and returned to the Earth via STS 128 that was launched
on August 2009. The materials experienced no visible damage during lengthy exposure in space. In the case of laser
diode, a comparison of elemental analysis with pre-flight conditions will be presented. Furthermore, the optical
components sent on MISSE 7 mission via STS-129 and later retrieved by STS-134 will be briefly discussed.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
The Jupiter Europa Orbiter (JEO) is NASA's element of the joint Europa Jupiter System Mission (EJSM). Based on
current trajectories, the spacecraft will spend a significant amount of time in the Jovian radiation belts. Therefore,
research endeavors are underway to study the radiation effects on the various parts and components needed to
implement the instruments. Data from these studies will be used for component selection and system design to ensure
reliable operation throughout the mission duration. The radiation environment en route to Jupiter is nothing new for
NASA designed systems, however, the long durations orbiting Jupiter and Europa present new challenges for radiation
exposure. High-energy trapped electrons and protons at Jupiter dominate the expected radiation environment.
Therefore, most of the initial component level radiation testing is being conducted with proton exposure. In this paper
we will present in-situ monitoring of the optical transmission of various laser optical components during proton
irradiation. Radiation induced optical attenuation of some components is less than would be expected, based on the
authors experiences, and is attributed to the interaction of the protons with the materials. The results are an encouraging
first step in screening these optical materials for spaceflight in a high radiation environment.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
InGaAs avalanche photodiodes (APDs) fabricated from epitaxial material by etching detector mesas and encapsulating
the etched mesas under bisbenzocyclobutene (BCB) resin were irradiated by Co-60 gamma-rays to assess their sensitivity to a total ionizing dose of 200 krad(Si). A low-excess-noise APD design with a multi-stage avalanche gain region was tested. Ninety-six identical 20-μm-diameter APDs were characterized to assess the response of the design to
ionizing radiation. The APDs were not under bias during irradiation. Damage to the APDs was characterized by
measuring the change in room temperature dark current following irradiation, at a reverse bias for which the average avalanche gain is M=10. No significant increase of dark current was observed following gamma irradiation: the average increase was 5% and the standard deviation for the measurement was 10%.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
The natures of most radiation-induced point defects in amorphous silicon dioxide (a-SiO2) are well known on the basis
of 55 years of electron spin resonance (ESR) and optical studies of pure and doped silica in bulk, thin-film, and fiberoptic
forms. The self-trapped holes (STHs), discovered only in 1989, appear to be responsible for most radiationinduced
red/near-IR optical absorption in silica-based photonics. However, accelerated testing of a-SiO2-based devices
slated for space applications must take into account the highly supralinear dependence of the initial STH creation rate on
ionizing dose rate...and the possibility to permanently reduce the created numbers of STHs by high-dose pre-irradiation.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
To evaluate the thrust produced by photon pressure emitted from a 100 W class continuous-wave semiconductor laser, a
torsion-balance precise thrust stand is designed and tested. Photon emission propulsion using semiconductor light
sources attract interests as a possible candidate for deep-space propellant-less propulsion and attitude control system.
However, the thrust produced by photon emission as large as several ten nanonewtons requires precise thrust stand. A
resonant method is adopted to enhance the sensitivity of the biflier torsional-spring thrust stand. The torsional spring
constant and the resonant of the stand is 1.245 × 10-3 Nm/rad and 0.118 Hz, respectively. The experimental results
showed good agreement with the theoretical estimation. The thrust efficiency for photon propulsion was also defined. A
maximum thrust of 499 nN was produced by the laser with 208 W input power (75 W of optical output) corresponding to
a thrust efficiency of 36.7%. The minimum detectable thrust of the stand was estimated to be 2.62 nN under oscillation at
a frequency close to resonance.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
An ultra-low repetition rate high energy 200 ns Er:Yb co-doped fiber laser has been developed by using a master
oscillator power amplifier configuration at an eye-safe 1.53 μm wavelength . A modulated pump scheme was used to
suppress ASE accumulation between pulse intervals. Combined with pulse shaping technology to mitigate pulse
narrowing effect and SBS effect, a maximum of 480 μJ pulse energy was obtained. In the stable, long-term running
mode, pulse energy up to 204 μJ, were obtained with pulse durations of 200 ns at Hz level.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
R. E. Peale, Nima Nader Esfahani, Christopher J. Fredricksen, Gautam Medhi, Justin W. Cleary, Joshua Hendrickson, Walter R. Buchwald, Himanshu Saxena, Oliver J. Edwards, et al.
Tunable resonant absorption by plasmons in the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) of grating-gated HEMTs is
known for a variety of semiconductor systems, giving promise of chip-scale frequency-agile THz imaging
spectrometers. We present our calculations of transmission spectra and resonant photoresponse due to plasmons in InPand
graphene-based HEMTs at millimeter and THz wavelengths. Our experimental approach to measurement of
electrical response is also described. Potential applications include man-portable or space-based spectral-sensing.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
Mid-infrared fiber laser sources have attracted a lot of interest in space and defense applications. We review our latest
developments of various fiber laser sources operating near 2μm based on Tm3+ and Ho3+ ions, which include singlefrequency
CW laser sources, Q-switched laser sources, mode-locked laser sources. Potential applications of these fiber
laser sources are also briefly discussed.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
There is a great deal of interests and efforts in the area of femtosecond (fs) laser direct writing of transparent materials,
which shows promise to be a powerful and flexible technique for rapid fabrication of photonic micro-device, such as
gratings, waveguides and optical amplifiers. Waveguide properties depend critically on the sample material properties
and writing laser characteristics. In this paper, we present results on the micro-fabrication of waveguide and photonic
micro-devices using fs fiber laser direct writing technique. Single line writing of different types of glasses with respect to
the focused laser beam at different pulse energies and writing speeds has been investigated at first. Then the waveguide
properties were characterized in terms of their shapes and transmission. It was found that specific consideration of the
pulse energy, repetition rate and writing speed should be taken into account in order to fabricate low loss positive index
guiding waveguide devices in a specific type of glass. Furthermore, a coupler-like guiding structure in glasses has also
been demonstrated. The modified regions in both waveguides were checked by scan electron microscope (SEM) to
reveal possible cracks and non-refractive structural defects. This technique can be used to produce micro photonic
devices and applied to fabricate a single glass chip 3D photonic devices.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
A micro resonator quantum well intensity modulator for operation in the wavelength band around 1μm is described.
High efficiency 90° bends are used to form the resonator and also provide optimal coupling to the external
waveguide. The benefits are to reduce loss, to relax the lithography requirements and to provide more flexible
contact designs to the modulator. The characteristics of modulator are analyzed using optical simulation tools and
based on measured absorption parameters. The modulator operates with two distinctly different electrode
configurations which are both based on the index change calculated using Kramers-Kronig relations. A model
including parasitic is developed for HSPICE transient simulations and run in the AGILENT ADS environment. The
performance parameters are determined to be an extinction ratio of 10.4dB, a bandwidth of 33GHz, and a dc power
less than 1mW for device dimensions of 16×6μm2.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
An optical switching fabric based on resonant optoelectronic switches is presented. The elements are comprised
of two optoelectronic thyristors which have their own switching characteristic. Simultaneous switching of 40Gbps
baseband data along with mm-wave optical signals is shown in a 4x4 fabric. The possible unique capabilities and
performance advantages of implementation with thyristor-based switches in the fabric are discussed.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
For the past decade NASA programs have utilized the Diamond AVIM connector for optical fiber assemblies on space
flight instrumentation. These connectors have been used in communications, sensing and LIDAR systems where
repeatability and high performance are required. Recently Diamond has released a smaller form factor optical fiber
connector called the "Mini-AVIM" which although more compact still includes the tight tolerances and the ratcheting
feature of the heritage AVIM. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Photonics Group in the Parts, Packaging and
Assembly Technologies Office has been performing evaluations of this connector to determine how it compares to the
performance of the AVIM connector and to assess its feasibility for harsh environmental applications. Vibration and
thermal testing were performed on the Mini-AVIM with both multi-mode and single-mode optical fiber using insitu
optical transmission monitoring. Random vibration testing was performed using typical launch condition profiles for
most NASA missions but extended to 35 Grms, which is much higher than most requirements. Thermal testing was
performed incrementally up to a range of -55°C to +125°C. The test results include both unjacketed fiber and cabled
assembly evaluations. The data presented here indicate that the Mini-AVIM provides a viable option for small form
factor applications that require a high performance optical fiber connector.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
High power pulsed lasers are commonly deployed in harsh environments, like space flight and military missions, for a
variety of systems such as LIDAR, optical communications over long distances, or optical firing of explosives. Fiber
coupling of the laser pulse from the laser to where it is needed can often save size, reduce weight, and lead to a more
robust and reliable system. Typical fiber optic termination procedures are not sufficient for injection of these high
power laser pulses without catastrophic damage to the fiber endface. In the current study, we will review the causes of
fiber damage during high power injection and discuss methods used to avoid these issues to permit fiber use with high
reliability in these applications. A brief review of the design considerations for high peak power laser pulse injection
will be presented to familiarize the audience with all the areas that need to be considered during the design phase. The
majority of this paper focuses on the proper fiber polishing methods for high power use with an emphasis on laser
polishing of the fibers. Results from recently build fibers will be shown to demonstrate the techniques.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
The near-Earth space radiation environment includes energetic galactic cosmic rays (GCR), high intensity proton and
electron belts, and the potential for solar particle events (SPE). These sources may penetrate shielding materials and
deposit significant energy in sensitive electronic devices on board spacecraft and satellites. Material and design
optimization methods may be used to reduce the exposure and extend the operational lifetime of individual components
and systems. Since laboratory experiments are expensive and may not cover the range of particles and energies relevant
for space applications, such optimization may be done computationally with efficient algorithms that include the various
constraints placed on the component, system, or mission. In the present work, the web-based tool OLTARIS (On-Line
Tool for the Assessment of Radiation in Space) is presented, and the applicability of the tool for rapidly analyzing
exposure levels within either complicated shielding geometries or user-defined material slabs exposed to space radiation
is demonstrated. An example approach for material optimization is also presented. Slabs of various advanced multifunctional
materials are defined and exposed to several space radiation environments. The materials and thicknesses
defining each layer in the slab are then systematically adjusted to arrive at an optimal slab configuration.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
Although much of the early developments of organic and polymer-based materials were fueled by the research on space
materials, most of the optoelectronic applications for usage in space or terrestrial adverse environments are still
dominated by semiconductors. In this paper, we review past and present efforts to incorporate organic-based materials
into photonic devices that are suitable for applications in space environments, and discuss what are the main challenges
that materials based on organics must meet in order to become fully integrated into photonic devices that can operate in
space and space-related environments.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
The use of piezoelectric polymers has been proposed and investigated in different Space-related environments, for
example, as ultra-light mirrors in space telescopes or as piezoelectric actuators. Even though some piezoelectric
polymers have been shown to be as efficient as the more traditional piezoelectric crystals, no systematic exploration of
the different molecular motives available for piezoelectricity has been performed, partly due to experimentally
challenging conditions: new structures must be generated in enough quantity to be able to produce thin films, and with
measurable piezoelectric response. Consequently, few structure-property relationships have been derived for the
piezoelectric performance of polymer based materials. We show how, under certain conditions, the characterization of
the second-order nonlinear molecular response through the Hyper-Rayleigh scattering technique, can be used as a
screening technique for the optimization of the piezoelectric response of poled-doped materials. In contrast to the
piezoelectric characterization, a Hyper-Rayleigh experiment can be performed with minimal amounts of chromophores
(~mg) in solution, and is relatively quick. Therefore, we propose to use the Hyper-Rayleigh scattering technique as a
screening tool for the search of optimized piezoelectric polymers.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
In the present work we use the Monte Carlo method to study the nonlinear optical response classified by energy
spacing of the system, aiming to understand certain unresolved questions including the gap between experimental
values of the off-resonant hyperpolarizabilities of molecules and the fundamental limit. The results
suggest an explanation for the origin of the factor of 20-30 gap between the best molecules and the fundamental
limits and also confirm the validity of three-level ansatz, which states that when the first and second
hyperpolarizabilities of a quantum system are at the limit, only three states contribute to the nonlinear response.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
Conjugated polymers do not only attract great attention due to their suitability in organic transistors, light emitting
diodes and solar cells, moreover, they posses unexpected record-high second-order nonlinear optical responses.
Nonlinear optical polymers have been reported as attractive materials for space applications such as electro-optic
modulation and optical power limiting. In this work, we report on a new approach for increased second-order nonlinear
properties demonstrated in a series of poly(thiophene) derivatives and poly(phenanthrene)s.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
An overview of recent fiber based component developments is presented that lead to robust all-fiber lasers and optical
amplifiers. Critical issues impacting the integration of high power rare earth doped optical amplifiers are presented.
The optical performance of key fiber components is reported with emphasis on temperature effects of a monolithically
integrated multi-Watt, single mode, Polarization Maintaining (PM), Ytterbium (Yb) doped double clad optical amplifier.
Performance of an all-fiber optical amplifier design that integrates two fiber coupled laser diode pumps and one PM Yb
double clad feed through fiber directly in to a combiner is reported.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
We report an all fiber-based single-frequency Q-switched 2 μm pulsed laser based on highly Tm-doped germanate fiber
by using a piezo to induce stress in fiber laser cavity. The pulse width of this Q-switched fiber laser can be tuned from 10's
ns to sub-μs. The repetition rate can be tuned from 100 Hz to 100's kHz. The average power is ~ mW-level, peak power wattlevel,
and pulse energy 30-75 nJ without any amplifier. Moreover, this transform-limited fiber laser pulses has been scaled up
to 220 μJ by using a newly developed SM PM highly Tm-doped germanate fiber 25/250μm for transform-limited 80 ns pulses
at repetition rate 20 kHz. This narrow linewidth high energy MOPA-based pulsed fiber laser can be used for LIDAR and laser
remote sensing.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
Laser quality, polycrystalline oxide fibers offer significant advantages over state-of-the-art silica fiber for high energy
lasers. Advanced ceramic processing technology, along with a novel powder production process, has potential to produce
oxide fibers with an outstanding optical quality for use in the fiber laser applications. The production of contaminant-free
green fibers with a high packing density, as well as uniform packing distribution, is a key factor in obtaining laserquality
fibers. High quality green fibers are dependent on the powder quality combined with the appropriate slurry
formulation. These two fundamental technologies were successfully developed at UES, and used to produce Yb-doped
yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) fibers with high optical quality, high chemical purity, and suitable core diameters down
to 20-30 microns.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
The development of the first fully integrated 4-channel fiber optic gyroscope "optical engine" is presented. The optical
engine integrates the equivalent of more than 24 discrete optical components into a hybrid chip with a size of 67x11x3
mm. After the optical engine is spliced to fiber sensor coils, the performance of the gyroscope has been benchmarked to
be equivalent to the performance of a navigation grade gyroscope fabricated with discrete components.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
Much work has been conducted and published in the area of radiation hardening of electronics. These efforts have
yielded an array of techniques and design protocols for mitigating radiation effects in hardware. However, in the field of
MEMS sensor systems, radiation can impact not only the support structure but the MEMS structure itself. In this work,
a new multiple degree-of-freedom MEMS inertial sensor called MARS (MEMS Annular Rotating Sensor) has been
subjected to Co60 gamma-ray irradiation and results analyzed for total dose effects. Pre- and post-radiation tests reveal
that the sensor's accelerometer noise performance is enhanced by the exposure. Quantitatively, noise levels improved
after radiation by roughly 40% in the X and Y axes and 75% in the Z axes. Additionally, any effects of radiation on
sensor offset were not discernable.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
We present our efforts on development of high performance low noise, long-wave infrared (LWIR)
and multicolor detectors based on the InAs/GaSb strained layer material (SLS) material system. The LWIR
SLS detector with PbIbN architecture showed improved performance over the conventional PIN design due to
unipolar current blocking layers. At 77K and Vb=-0.25V, a responsivity of 1.8 A/W, dark current density of
1.2 mA/cm2, quantum efficiency of 23% and shot noise limited detectivity (D*) of 8.7×1010 Jones (λc = 10.8
μm) has been observed. Dual band response was registered with 50% cut-off wavelengths of 5μm and 10μm
from an SLS detector with the pBp design. The responsivity equal to 1.6 A/W (at λ = 5 μm and Vb = +0.4 V)
and 1.8 A/W (at λ = 9 μm and Vb = -0.7 V) for MWIR and LWIR absorbers was achieved with corresponding
values of specific detectivity 5 x 1011 Jones and 2.6 x 1010 Jones, respectively. The maximum values of
quantum efficiency were estimated to 41% (MWIR) and 25% (LWIR) at Vb = +0.4V and Vb = -0.7V.
Moreover, the diffusion-limited behavior of dark current at higher temperatures was observed for the MWIR
absorber for pBp detector. Finally, three-color response was registered from three contact device with nBn
architecture for SWIR and MWIR and heterojunction PIbN architecture for LWIR detection (NbNbiP). At
77K, the cut-off wavelength for SWIR, MWIR and LWIR regions have been observed as 3.0 μm, 4.7 μm, and
10.1 μm respectively. At the same temperature, D* of 1.4 × 1010 Jones, 1.8 × 1010 Jones and 1.5 × 109 Jones
for SWIR, MWIR and LWIR signals has been observed.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.