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According to a report by the American Heart Association, there are approximately 3-4
million Americans that may experience silent Myocardial Ischemia (MI). Silent MI is a serious
heart condition that can progress to a severe heart attack without any warning and the consequences
of such an event can turn fatal quickly. Therefore, there is a strong need for a sensor that can
continuously monitor the onset of the condition to prevent high risk individuals from deadly heart
attacks. An increase in extracellular potassium levels is the first sign of MI and timely sensing with
an implantable potassium sensing biosensor could play a critical role in detecting and expediting
care. There are challenges in the development of an implantable potassium sensing electrode one of
which includes signal drift. The incorporation of novel nanostructures and smarter materials hold
the potential to combat these problems. This paper presents a unique design for an all-solid-state
potassium sensing device which offers miniaturization along with enhanced signal transduction.
These characteristics are important when it comes to implantable devices and signal drift. Sensor
design details along with fabrication processes and sensing results are discussed.
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Vasuda Ramachandran, Hargsoon Yoon, Vijay K. Varadan, "Design and fabrication of nanowire electrodes on a flexible substrate for detection of myocardial ischemia," Proc. SPIE 7291, Nanosensors, Biosensors, and Info-Tech Sensors and Systems 2009, 729109 (31 March 2009); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.821551