Polarization-stable monolithic VCSELs

Rainer Michalzik; Johannes Michael Ostermann; Pierluigi Debernardi

doi:10.1117/12.771142

29 January 2008 Polarization-stable monolithic VCSELs

Rainer Michalzik, Johannes Michael Ostermann, Pierluigi Debernardi

Proceedings Volume 6908, Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers XII; 69080A (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.771142
Event: Integrated Optoelectronic Devices 2008, 2008, San Jose, California, United States

Abstract

Polarization stability of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) is of crucial importance in particular for single-mode devices used in optical communications and optical sensing. We will consider major approaches to polarization control and then focus on surface gratings, which provide a monolithically integrated type of polarization-dependent feedback. Single-mode as well as multimode grating VCSELs have been fabricated in large quantity and have been shown to be polarization-stable with high orthogonal polarization suppression ratio not only for static operation but also under digital and analog modulation, temperature variation, optical feedback, as well as externally applied stress. After reviewing published work on grating VCSELs, we will discuss grating design variations by means of extensive vectorial simulations. The reliability of polarization control is then investigated by studying the characteristics of several thousand VCSELs on a given sample. Finally, as an application example in optical communications, we demonstrate free-space transmission of an aggregate data rate of 16 Gbit/s using polarization division multiplexing with two multimode grating VCSELs.

Citation Download Citation

Rainer Michalzik, Johannes Michael Ostermann, and Pierluigi Debernardi "Polarization-stable monolithic VCSELs", Proc. SPIE 6908, Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers XII, 69080A (29 January 2008); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.771142

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