Raman tilt and nonideal tilt control function of C-band erbium-doped fiber amplifiers

Yihong Chen; Leda M. Lunardi; Daniel Al-Salameh; Stan Lumish

doi:10.1117/12.480569

23 August 2002 Raman tilt and nonideal tilt control function of C-band erbium-doped fiber amplifiers

Yihong Chen, Leda M. Lunardi, Daniel Al-Salameh, Stan Lumish

Proceedings Volume 4906, Optical Components and Transmission Systems; (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.480569
Event: Asia-Pacific Optical and Wireless Communications 2002, 2002, Shanghai, China

Abstract

Due to stimulated Raman scattering, shorter wavelength channels will pump longer wavelength channels, and so transfer their energy to longer wavelength channels. A tilt occurs when a flat DWDM signals travel through transmission fiber. We characterized the Raman tilt for 100 km SSMF and LEAF fiber at composite input powers ranging from 13 dBm to 22 dBm with a 40-channel laser source with 100 GHz spacing. Raman tilt with different fiber length at different composite launch power for SSMF is fully studied. In order to compensate the positive Raman gain tilt generated in the transmission fiber, a negative tilt is required. A tilt control function is available in some EDFAs. The mechanism of this tilt control is to use a tunable attenuator to change the internal loss of the amplifier. Unfortunately, the negatively tilted gain spectrum achieved by this mechanism is not a straight line. From the simulation result, the tilted gain curve actually can be regarded as two straight lines with a junction at about 1538 nm in good approximation. By combining the Raman output spectrum with the EDFA output spectrum, tilt is eliminated, but a non-flat spectral shape is generated with a dip at 1538 nm. This combined spectral shape agrees quite well with the measured spectral shape in actual system. This study reveals imperfection with this tilt compensation mechanism. A new tilt compensation solution is proposed and tested. Test results shown significant flatness improvement.

Citation Download Citation

Yihong Chen, Leda M. Lunardi, Daniel Al-Salameh, and Stan Lumish "Raman tilt and nonideal tilt control function of C-band erbium-doped fiber amplifiers", Proc. SPIE 4906, Optical Components and Transmission Systems, (23 August 2002); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.480569

ACCESS THE FULL ARTICLE

INSTITUTIONAL
Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.

SELECT YOUR INSTITUTION

PERSONAL
Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.

PERSONAL SIGN IN

No SPIE Account? Create one

PURCHASE THIS CONTENT

SUBSCRIBE TO DIGITAL LIBRARY

50 downloads per 1-year subscription

Members: $195

Non-members: $335 ADD TO CART

25 downloads per 1 - year subscription

Members: $145

Non-members: $250 ADD TO CART

PURCHASE SINGLE ARTICLE

Includes PDF, HTML & Video, when available

Members: $17.00

Non-members: $21.00 ADD TO CART

PROCEEDINGS
8 PAGES

DOWNLOAD PAPER SAVE TO MY LIBRARY

GET CITATION

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Get copyright permission Get copyright permission on Copyright Marketplace

KEYWORDS

Optical amplifiers

Raman spectroscopy

Composites

Dense wavelength division multiplexing

Fiber amplifiers

Amplifiers

Raman scattering

Show All Keywords

Keywords/Phrases

Search In:

Publication Years