Spatial-frequency composite watermarking for digital image copyright protection

Po-Chyi Su; C.-C. Jay Kuo

doi:10.1117/12.384983

9 May 2000 Spatial-frequency composite watermarking for digital image copyright protection

Po-Chyi Su, C.-C. Jay Kuo

Proceedings Volume 3971, Security and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents II; (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.384983
Event: Electronic Imaging, 2000, San Jose, CA, United States

Abstract

Digital watermarks can be classified into two categories according to the embedding and retrieval domain, i.e. spatial- and frequency-domain watermarks. Because the two watermarks have different characteristics and limitations, combination of them can have various interesting properties when applied to different applications. In this research, we examine two spatial-frequency composite watermarking schemes. In both cases, a frequency-domain watermarking technique is applied as a baseline structure in the system. The embedded frequency- domain watermark is robust against filtering and compression. A spatial-domain watermarking scheme is then built to compensate some deficiency of the frequency-domain scheme. The first composite scheme is to embed a robust watermark in images to convey copyright or author information. The frequency-domain watermark contains owner's identification number while the spatial-domain watermark is embedded for image registration to resist cropping attack. The second composite scheme is to embed fragile watermark for image authentication. The spatial-domain watermark helps in locating the tampered part of the image while the frequency-domain watermark indicates the source of the image and prevents double watermarking attack. Experimental results show that the two watermarks do not interfere with each other and different functionalities can be achieved. Watermarks in both domains are detected without resorting to the original image. Furthermore, the resulting watermarked image can still preserve high fidelity without serious visual degradation.

Citation Download Citation

Po-Chyi Su and C.-C. Jay Kuo "Spatial-frequency composite watermarking for digital image copyright protection", Proc. SPIE 3971, Security and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents II, (9 May 2000); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.384983

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