Histologic comparison of the CO2 laser and Nd:YAG with and without water/air surface cooling on tooth root structure

Charles M. Cobb D.D.S.; Paulette Spencer; Mark H. McCollum

doi:10.1117/12.207453

1 May 1995 Histologic comparison of the CO₂ laser and Nd:YAG with and without water/air surface cooling on tooth root structure

Charles M. Cobb D.D.S., Paulette Spencer, Mark H. McCollum

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 2394, Lasers in Dentistry; (1995) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.207453
Event: Photonics West '95, 1995, San Jose, CA, United States

Abstract

Specimens consisted of 18 extracted single rooted teeth unaffected by periodontal disease. After debriding roots, specimens were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups and subjected to a single pass, at varying energy densities, of a CO₂, Nd:YAG, and Nd:YAG with air/water surface cooling (Nd:YAG-C). The rate of exposure was controlled at 4 mm/sec. Approximate energy densities were: CO₂, 138, 206, 275, and 344 J/cm²; Nd:YAG, 114, 171, 229, and 286 J/cm²; Nd:YAG-C, 286, 343, 514, and 571 J/cm². The CO₂ laser was used both in continuous and pulsed beam modes (20 Hz, 0.01 sec pulse length and 0.8 mm dia spot size) whereas the Nd:YAG and Nd:YAG-C were preset at 50 Hz, 0.08 sec pulse length and 0.6 mm dia spot size. Specimen examination by SEM revealed, for all lasers, a direct correlation between increasing energy densities and depth of tissue ablation and width of tissue damage. However, to achieve the same relative dept of tissue ablation, the Nd:YAG-C required higher energy densities than either the CO₂ or Nd:YAG lasers. The Nd:YAG-C generated a cavitation with sharply defined margins. Furthermore, regardless of energy density, and in contrast with other laser types, areas treated with the Nd:YAG-C did not exhibit collateral zones of heat damaged surface tissue.

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Charles M. Cobb D.D.S., Paulette Spencer, and Mark H. McCollum "Histologic comparison of the CO₂ laser and Nd:YAG with and without water/air surface cooling on tooth root structure", Proc. SPIE 2394, Lasers in Dentistry, (1 May 1995); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.207453

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