By chronically implanting optical fibers and measuring each modality over time, the relationship between changes in animal behavior and changes in each modality can be clarified. While there are some challenges to the practical application of optical fiber. First, the video of neural activity obtained by optical fiber is a mixture of changes in fluorescent signals accompanying neural activity and the fiber’s autofluorescence; hence the obtained neural image is first smoothed by a Gaussian function. A minimum value image is created for the smoothed input image, which is used as the background image to compensate for autofluorescence. In addition, the optical fiber inserted into the brain of a mouse shifts its position as the mouse moves, because the measurement is performed under free-running conditions, hence the differential image using the input image is generated in the marker domain as a pre-processing step. Template matching and angle/position correction of the marker are applied to the signal domain in the actual processing section to obtain corrected neural activity data. As a result, the amount of cell migration significantly improved due to the cell migration correction. This algorithm increases the signal-to-noise ratio of the data, enables observation of the same neurons over a long period, such as two hours, and makes detecting neural activity more accurate with the correction. In the future, we plan to correspond with the obtained activity to video images of mouse behavior to be taken separately.
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