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Theoretical calculation of the cross-polarization coupling between whispering-gallery modes in a microresonator shows that this coupling is, in general, asymmetric. The spin-orbit induced coupling of light from a TE mode to a coresonant TM mode will have a different strength than that of the coupling from the TM mode to the TE mode. This coupling asymmetry is confirmed in coupled-mode induced transparency experiments. By monitoring the throughput spectrum in both polarizations when the input directly excites only modes of one polarization, the coupling strengths in both directions are determined simultaneously by fitting to a model. Some examples and implications are discussed here.
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Karleyda Sandoval, Mohmad Junaid Ul Haq, A. T. Rosenberger, "Asymmetric cross-polarization coupling between microresonator whispering-gallery modes," Proc. SPIE 12016, Optical and Quantum Sensing and Precision Metrology II, 120160D (2 March 2022); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2617251