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The purpose of this paper is to discuss some recent approaches to composite hypothesis testing in the context of hyperspectral target detection applications. The primary tool for the development of practical detection algorithms is the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT), which does not have any “built-in” optimality criterion. The GLRT computes maximum likelihood estimates of the unknown parameters and uses them in the place of the true parameters. In this paper we review the asymptotic optimality properties of GLRTs and use them to discuss a family of universal tests known as competitive Bayes and Neyman-Pearson tests. Then, based on this background, we review the family of clairvoyant fusion algorithms and their applicability to hyperspectral target detection.
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D. Manolakis, E. Truslow, M. Pieper, A. Weisner, R. Bostick, T. Cooley, "On clairvoyant and universal tests for hyperspectral target detection," Proc. SPIE 11130, Imaging Spectrometry XXIII: Applications, Sensors, and Processing, 1113004 (6 September 2019); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2529979