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Planar Josephson junctions (JJs) have recently emerged as promising systems for topological superconductivity [1-5]. These platforms have also been shown to exhibit superconducting diode effect [4-7], including early experiments from 2019 [4]. We investigate the effects of anisotropy in planar JJs [6]. We furthermore consider the interplay of topological phase transitions and the superconducting diode effect in planar JJs [4, 8], both experimentally and theoretically. While planar JJs can be a viable platform to demonstrate fusion and non-Abelian statistics of Majorana bound states [5], the role of disorder needs to be determined. We analytically and numerically investigate the effect of disorder in these systems and demonstrate reentrant behavior of topological properties on planar JJs. We conclude that an intermediate disorder may be beneficial to establishing topological phases [9-10].
[1] J. Shabani et al., Two-Dimensional Epitaxial Superconductor-Semiconductor Heterostructures: A Platform for Topological Superconducting Networks, Phys. Rev. B 93, 155402 (2016).
[2] F. Pientka, A. Keselman, E. Berg, A. Yacoby, A. Stern, and B. I. Halperin, Topological Superconductivity in a Planar Josephson Junction, Phys. Rev. X 7, 021032 (2017).
[3] A. Fornieri et al., Evidence of Topological Superconductivity in Planar Josephson Junctions, Nature 569, 7754 (2019).
[4] M. C. Dartiailh, W. Mayer, J. Yuan, K. S. Wickramasinghe, A. Matos-Abiague, I. Žutić, and J. Shabani, Phase Signature of Topological Transition in Josephson Junctions, Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 036802 (2021); arXiv:1906.01179 (2019).
[5] T. Zhou, M. C. Dartiailh, K. Sardashti, J. E. Han, A. Matos-Abiague, J. Shabani, and I. Žutić, Fusion of Majorana Bound States with Mini-Gate Control in Two-Dimensional Systems, Nat Commun 13, 1738 (2022).
[6] B. Pekerten, J. D. Pakizer, B. Hawn, and A. Matos-Abiague, Anisotropic Topological Superconductivity in Josephson Junctions, Phys. Rev. B 105, 054504 (2022).
[7] C. Baumgartner et al., Supercurrent Rectification and Magnetochiral Effects in Symmetric Josephson Junctions, Nat. Nanotechnol. 17, 1 (2022).
[8] N. Lotfizadeh, B. Pekerten, P. Yu, W. Strickland, A. Matos-Abiague, and J. Shabani, Superconducting Diode Effect Sign Change in Epitaxial Al-InAs Josepshon Junctions, arXiv:2303.01902.
[9] B. Pekerten, A. Teker, Ö. Bozat, M. Wimmer, and İ. Adagideli, Disorder-Induced Topological Transitions in Multichannel Majorana Wires, Physical Review B 95, (2017).
[10] A. Haim and A. Stern, Benefits of Weak Disorder in One-Dimensional Topological Superconductors, Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 126801 (2019).
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